The approach to neurological and ophthalmic diseases in ruminants, with all the specific developments that field work brings with it, in a Postgraduate certificate focused on real practice"

Neurological diseases are frequent in ruminants. This Postgraduate certificate provides students with the necessary tools to identify the main neurological pathologies in cattle and small ruminants. Ruminants can develop neurological diseases, which if unknown are virtually impossible to diagnose. 

First, it will be explained how to perform a neurological examination and how to locate a neurological lesion in cattle. Next, the main pathologies affecting cattle will be studied, divided by anatomical regions: brain, brainstem, cerebellum, spinal cord and peripheral nerves. Finally, how to perform the neurological examination will be discussed and the main neurological pathologies affecting small ruminants will be detailed.

Some neurological diseases are very important and even have public health implications as they can be zoonotic, such as rabies, listeriosis or spongiform encephalopathies. This module provides the knowledge to establish a diagnosis and to be able to treat and prevent these diseases.

Additionally, this module deals with ocular disorders affecting cattle and small ruminants. Some diseases have a significant impact on these animals, even influencing their productive performance on the farm, such as infectious keratoconjunctivitis. In-depth knowledge of these alterations in order to diagnose, treat and prevent them is fundamental for the clinical veterinarian.

Essential yet rare specialization for the specialized veterinary clinician that will set you apart as a specialist in this field of work"

This Postgraduate certificate in Neurological and Ophthalmological Diseases in Ruminants contains the most complete and up-to-date scientific program on the market. The most important features include:

• The latest technology in Online teaching software
• A highly visual teaching system, supported by graphic and schematic contents that are easy to assimilate and understand
• Practical cases presented by practising experts
• State-of-the-art interactive video systems
• Teaching supported by telepractice
• Continuous updating and recycling systems
• Autonomous learning: full compatibility with other occupations
• Practical exercises for self-assessment and learning verification
• Support groups and educational synergies: questions to the expert, debate and knowledge forums
• Communication with the teacher and individual reflection work
• Content that is accessible from any fixed or portable device with an Internet connection
• Complementary documentation banks permanently available, even after the course

The clinical, specialized and advanced fundamentals, based on veterinary evidence, that will allow you to face the daily intervention in cattle and ruminants”

Our teaching staff is made up of professionals from different fields related to this specialty. In this way, TECH makes sure to offer professionals the up-to-date objective it intends. A multidisciplinary team of professionals trained and experienced in different environments will develop the theoretical knowledge efficiently, but, above all, they will provide students with the practical knowledge derived from their teaching experience: one of the differential qualities of this training.

This mastery of the subject matter is complemented by the effectiveness of the methodological design. Developed by a multidisciplinary team of e-Learning experts, it integrates the latest advances in educational technology. In this way, the students will be able to study with comfortable and versatile multimedia tools that will give them the operability they need in their training. 

The design of this program is based on Problem-Based Learning: an approach that conceives learning as a highly practical process. To achieve this remotely telepractice will be used: with the help of an innovative system of interactive videos and learning from an expert they will be able to acquire the knowledge as if they were facing the case they are learning at that moment. A concept that will make it possible to integrate and fix learning in a more realistic and permanent way.

With a methodological design based on proven teaching techniques, this innovative program will take you through different teaching approaches to allow you to learn in a dynamic and effective way"

Supported by evidence, the approach of this program will allow you to learn in a contextual way and acquire the skills you will really need in your daily practice"

The contents of this Postgraduate certificate have been developed by the different experts on this course, with a clear purpose: to ensure that our students acquire each and every one of the necessary skills to become true experts in this field. 

A complete and well-structured program that will take you to the highest standards of quality and success. 

A comprehensive teaching program, structured in well-developed teaching units, oriented toward learning that is compatible with your personal and professional life"

Module 1. Neurological and Ophthalmological Diseases 

1.1. Neurological Examination and Main Diagnostic Tests in Bovines

1.1.1. Clinical Examination and Clinical Signs
1.1.2. Dynamic Assessment and Localization of the Lesion
1.1.3. Diagnostic Tests: Cerebrospinal Fluid Extraction and Analysis
1.1.4. Other Diagnostic Tests

1.2. Alterations Mainly Affecting the Brain in Bovines

1.2.1. Polioencephalomalacia
1.2.2. Other Causes. Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathies
1.2.3. Viral Disorders

1.2.3.1. Rabies
1.2.3.2. Bovine Herpesvirus Encephalomyelitis
1.2.3.3. Aujeszky’s Disease
1.2.3.4. Other Viruses

1.2.4. Bacterial Disorders 

1.2.4.1. Bacterial Meningitis
1.2.4.2. Pituitary Abscess
1.2.4.3. Others

1.2.5. Parasitic Disorders

1.2.5.1. Nervous Coccidiosis
1.2.5.2. Others

1.2.6. Intoxications

1.2.6.1. Urea Toxicity
1.2.6.2. Others

1.3. Disorders Mainly Affecting the Brainstem in Bovines

1.3.1. Listeriosis
1.3.2. Thromboembolic Meningoencephalitis
1.3.3. Otitis Media/Internal
1.3.4. Others

1.4. Disorders Mainly Affecting the Cerebellum in Bovines

1.4.1. Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV)
1.4.2. Tremorgenic Toxins 
1.4.3. Others

1.5. Alterations Mainly Affecting the Spinal Cord in Bovines

1.5.1. Spinal Lymphoma
1.5.2. Vertebral Osteomyelitis
1.5.3. Trauma
1.5.4. Spastic Paresis
1.5.5. Spastic Paralysis
1.5.6. Botulism
1.5.7. Tetanus
1.5.8. Aberrant Parasitic Migration
1.5.9. Others

1.6. Alterations Mainly Affecting the Peripheral Nerves in Bovines

1.6.1. Suprascapular Nerve 
1.6.2. Radial Nerve
1.6.3. Femoral Nerve 
1.6.4. Sciatic Nerve
1.6.5. Obturator Nerve
1.6.6. Downer Cow Syndrome 

1.7. Neurological Examination and Main Diagnostic Tests in Small Ruminants

1.7.1. Clinical Examination and Clinical Signs
1.7.2. Dynamic Assessment and Localization of the Lesion
1.7.3. Diagnostic Tests: Cerebrospinal Fluid Extraction and Analysis
1.7.4. Other Diagnostic Tests

1.8. Neurologic Disorders of Small Ruminants

1.8.1. Disorders Mainly Affecting the Brain in Small Ruminants
1.8.2. Disorders Mainly Affecting the Brainstem in Small Ruminants
1.8.3. Disorders Mainly Affecting the Cerebellum in Small Ruminants
1.8.4. Disorders Mainly Affecting the Spinal Cord in Small Ruminants

1.9. Cattle Ophthalmology 

1.9.1. Cattle Eye Examination
1.9.2. Specific Management in the Examination
1.9.3. Ophthalmic Examination. Inspection
1.9.4. Probing and Washing of the Nasolacrimal Duct
1.9.5. Orbital Abnormalities
1.9.6. Anophthalmia, Microphthalmia
1.9.7. Exophthalmia and Enophthalmia
1.9.8. Inflammation and Orbital Cellulitis
1.9.9. Orbital Neoplasms
1.9.10. Eyelid Abnormalities

1.9.10.1. Palpebral Neoplasms
1.9.10.2. Ectropion and Entropion
1.9.10.3. Other Disorders of the Eyelids

1.9.11. Corneal and Conjunctival Diseases

1.9.11.1. Corneal Characteristics
1.9.11.2. Lacerations and Ruptures of the Cornea and/or Sclera
1.9.11.3. Corneal Foreign Bodies
1.9.11.4. Corneal Ulcers
1.9.11.5. Corneal Edema
1.9.11.6. Vascularization
1.9.11.7. Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK, Pink-Eye)
1.9.11.8. Conjunctival and Corneal Tumors. Squamous Cell Carcinoma

1.9.12. Uveal Diseases

1.10. Ocular Disorders in Small Ruminants 

1.10.1. Orbital Diseases
1.10.2. Infectious Keratoconjunctivitis
1.10.3. Parasitic Keratitis
1.10.4. Retinal Degeneration
1.10.5. Blindness

A unique, key and decisive training experience to boost your professional development”