Thanks to this 100% online Postgraduate diploma, you will gain advanced knowledge about the causes and mechanisms of bacterial resistance, both in humans and animals, applying them in your daily practice"

Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria have complicated the treatment of infections in both humans and animals. This phenomenon has intensified due to the excessive and inappropriate use of antibiotics in medicine and agriculture, as well as the transmission of resistance genes between different bacterial species. Therefore, the emergence of these bacteria has driven the urgent need to develop new therapeutic and management strategies.

This is how this Postgraduate diploma is born, which will address bacterial resistance in human pathology, deeply analyzing the causes that promote it. It will also examine, from the scarcity of new antibiotics, to socioeconomic factors and health policies that influence its development and spread. In addition, the current global situation of antibiotic resistance will be analyzed, with emphasis on statistics and regional trends.

The study plan will also focus on antimicrobial resistance in animal health, exploring the causes and mechanisms behind bacterial resistance in the veterinary field. It will also identify the most relevant multidrug-resistant bacterial species and evaluate their impact on animal health, introducing preventive and control measures to mitigate bacterial resistance in animals, including the adequate management of antibiotics and viable alternatives in livestock and aquaculture. 
Finally, the agenda will focus on Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in the food chain, analyzing the crucial role it plays in the spread of antibiotic resistance. In this way, the risks associated with food of animal and plant origin, as well as water, as vectors for the transmission of resistant bacteria will be explored.

These comprehensive resources will offer graduates a fully online methodology, allowing them to organize their study schedule according to their personal and work commitments. In addition, the advanced Relearning system will be implemented, which facilitates deep understanding of key concepts through strategic repetition. In this way, they will be able to learn at their own pace and fully master the latest scientific evidence available.

You will expand your role as a pharmacist beyond dispensing medications, becoming a key player in early disease detection and health promotion"

This Postgraduate diploma in Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in Human Microbiology and Animal Health contains the most complete and up-to-date scientific program on the market. The most important features include:

• The development of practical cases presented by experts in Microbiology, Medicine and Parasitology
• The graphic, schematic and eminently practical contents with which it is conceived gather scientific and practical information on those disciplines that are indispensable for professional practice
• Practical exercises where self-assessment can be used to improve learning.
• Its special emphasis on innovative methodologies
• Theoretical lessons, questions to the expert, debate forums on controversial topics, and individual reflection assignments
• Content that is accessible from any fixed or portable device with an Internet connection

You will gain an in-depth understanding of how the food chain contributes to the spread and persistence of bacterial resistance, driving the need for effective management and control measures"

The program’s teaching staff includes professionals from the industry who contribute their work experience to this program, as well as renowned specialists from leading societies and prestigious universities.

The multimedia content, developed with the latest educational technology, will provide the professional with situated and contextual learning, i.e., a simulated environment that will provide immersive education programmed to learn in real situations.

This program is designed around Problem-Based Learning, whereby the professional must try to solve the different professional practice situations that arise during the course. For this purpose, students will be assisted by an innovative interactive video system created by renowned and experienced experts.

Bet on TECH! You will delve into the importance of the One Health strategy to integrate efforts in proper antibiotic management and viable alternatives for livestock and aquaculture, in a global approach"

The university program is divided into 3 main modules: the first one will address Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in human pathology, from the causes of resistance, to health policies and current global trends. The second will focus on antimicrobial resistance in the veterinary field, analyzing the mechanisms of resistance, the most relevant bacterial species and preventive and control strategies under the One Health perspective. Finally, the third module will examine the role of the food chain in the spread of bacterial resistance.

This Postgraduate diploma in Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in Human Microbiology and Animal Health will provide you with rigorous and specialized content, covering the critical aspects of antimicrobial resistance"

Module 1. Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in Human Pathology

1.1. Mechanisms of Acquired Resistance to Antibiotics

1.1.1. Acquisition of Resistance Genes
1.1.2. Mutations
1.1.3. Acquisition of Plasmids

1.2. Mechanisms of Intrinsic Resistance to Antibiotics

1.2.1. Blockage of Antibiotic Entry
1.2.2. Modification of the Antibiotic Target
1.2.3. Inactivation of the Antibiotic
1.2.4. Antibiotic Expulsion

1.3. Chronology and Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance

1.3.1. Discovery of Antibiotic Resistance
1.3.2. Plasmids
1.3.3. Evolution of Resistance
1.3.4. Current Trends in the Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance

1.4. Antibiotic Resistance in Human Pathology

1.4.1. Increased Mortality and Morbidity
1.4.2. Impact of Resistance on Public Health
1.4.3. Economic Cost Associated with Antibiotic Resistance

1.5. Multidrug-Resistant Human Pathogens

1.5.1. Acinetobacter Baumannii
1.5.2. Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
1.5.3. Enterobacteriaceae
1.5.4. Enterococcus Faecium
1.5.5. Staphylococcus Aureus
1.5.6. Helicobacter Pylori
1.5.7. Campylobacter Spp
1.5.8. Salmonellae
1.5.9. Neisseria Gonorrhoeae
1.5.10 Streptococcus Pneumoniae
1.5.11 Hemophilus Influenzae
1.5.12 Shigella Spp

1.6. Bacteria Highly Dangerous to Human Health: Update of the WHO List

1.6.1. Critical Priority Pathogens
1.6.2. High Priority Pathogens
1.6.3. Pathogens with Medium Priority

1.7. Analysis of the Causes of Antibiotic Resistance

1.7.1. Lack of New Antibiotics
1.7.2. Socioeconomic Factors and Health Policies
1.7.3. Poor Hygiene and Sanitation
1.7.4. Health Policies and Antibiotic Resistance
1.7.5. International Travel and Global Trade
1.7.6. Dispersal of High-Risk Clones
1.7.7. Emerging Pathogens with Resistance to Multiple Antibiotics

1.8. Antibiotic Use and Abuse in the Community

1.8.1. Prescription
1.8.2. Acquisition
1.8.3. Misuse of Antibiotics

1.9. Current Status of Antibiotic Resistance in the World

1.9.1. Global Statistics
1.9.2. Central and South America
1.9.3. Africa
1.9.4. North America
1.9.5. Asia and Oceania

1.10. Perspectives on Antibiotic Resistance

1.10.1. Strategies to Mitigate the Problem of Multidrug-Resistance
1.10.2. International Actions
1.10.3. Actions at the Global Level

Module 2. Antimicrobial Resistance in Animal Health

2.1. Antibiotics in the Veterinary Field

2.1.1. Prescription
2.1.2. Acquisition
2.1.3. Misuse of Antibiotics

2.2. Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in the Veterinary Field

2.2.1. Causes of Bacterial Resistance in the Veterinary Field
2.2.2. Dissemination of Antibiotic Resistance Genes (ARGs), Especially through Horizontal Transmission Mediated by Plasmids
2.2.3. Mobile Colistin Resistance Gene (mcr)

2.3. Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Species of Veterinary Importance

2.3.1. Pet Pathogens
2.3.2. Cattle Pathogens
2.3.3. Pig Pathogens
2.3.4. Poultry Pathogens
2.3.5. Goat and Sheep Pathogens
2.3.6. Fish and Aquatic Animal Pathogens

2.4. Impact of Multi-Resistant Bacteria in Animal Health

2.4.1. Animal Suffering and Losses
2.4.2. Impact on Household Livelihoods
2.4.3. Generation of "Superbugs”

2.5. Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in the Environment and Wildlife

2.5.1. Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria in the Environment
2.5.2. Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria in Wildlife
2.5.3. Antimicrobial Resistant Bacteria in Marine and Inland Waters

2.6. Impact of Resistances Detected in Animals and in the Environment on Public Health

2.6.1. Shared Antibiotics in Veterinary Medicine and Human Medicine
2.6.2. Transmission of Resistance from Animals to Humans
2.6.3. Transmission of Resistance from the Environment to Humans

2.7. Prevention and Control

2.7.1. Preventive Measures Against Bacterial Resistance in Animals
2.7.2. Systems and Processes for the Effective Use of Antibiotics
2.7.3. Role of Veterinarians and Pet Owners in the Prevention of Bacterial Resistance
2.7.4. Treatments and Alternatives to Antibiotics in Animals
2.7.5. Tools for Limiting the Emergence of Antimicrobial Resistance and its and Spread in the Environment

2.8. Strategic Plans to Reduce the Risk of Selection and Spread of Antimicrobial Resistance

2.8.1. Monitoring and Surveillance of the Use of Critical Antibiotics
2.8.2. Training and Research
2.8.3. Communication and Prevention

2.9. One Health Strategy

2.9.1. Definition and Objectives of the One Health Strategy
2.9.2. Application of the One Health Strategy in the Control of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria
2.9.3. Success Stories Using the One Health Strategy

2.10. Climate Change and Antibiotic Resistance

2.10.1. Increase in Infectious Diseases
2.10.2. Extreme Climatic Conditions
2.10.3. Displacement of Populations

Module 3. Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in the Food Chain

3.1. Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in the Food Chain

3.1.1. The Role of the Food Chain in the Spread of Antimicrobial Resistance
3.1.2. Antimicrobial Resistances in Food (ESBL, MRSA, and Colistin)
3.1.3. The Food Chain within the One Health Approach

3.2. Dissemination of Antimicrobial Resistance through Food

3.2.1. Food of Animal Origin
3.2.2. Food of Plant Origin
3.2.3. Dissemination of Resistant Bacteria through Water

3.3. Spread of Resistant Bacteria in Food Production

3.3.1. Spread of Resistant Bacteria in Food Production Environments
3.3.2. Spread of Resistant Bacteria through Food Handlers
3.3.3. Cross-Resistance between Biocides and Antibiotics

3.4. Antimicrobial Resistance in Salmonella Spp

3.4.1. AmpC-, ESBL- and Carbapenemase-Producing Salmonella Spp
3.4.2. Resistant Salmonella Spp in Humans
3.4.3. Antibiotic Resistant Salmonella Spp in Farm and Meat Animals
3.4.4. Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella Spp

3.5. Antimicrobial Resistance in Campylobacter Spp

3.5.1. Antimicrobial Resistance in Campylobacter Spp
3.5.2. Antimicrobial Resistant Campylobacter Spp in Foods
3.5.3. Multidrug-Resistant Campylobacter Spp

3.6. Antimicrobial Resistances in Escherichia Coli

3.6.1. AmpC, ESBL and Carbapenemase Producing E. Coli
3.6.2. Antimicrobial Resistant E. Coli in Farm Animals
3.6.3. Antimicrobial Resistant E. Coli in Food
3.6.4. Multidrug-Resistant E. Coli

3.7. Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococci

3.7.1. Methicillin-Resistant S. Aureus (MRSA)
3.7.2. MRSA in Food and Farm Animals
3.7.3. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcuys Epidermidis (MRSE)
3.7.4. Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus Spp

3.8. Antimicrobial Resistance in Enterobacteria

3.8.1. Shigella Spp
3.8.2. Enterobacter Spp
3.8.3. Other Environmental Enterobacteriaceae

3.9. Antimicrobial Resistance in Other Food-Borne Pathogens

3.9.1. Listeria Monocytogenes
3.9.2. Enterococcus Spp
3.9.3. Pseudomonas Spp
3.9.4. Aeromonas Spp and Plesiomonas Spp

3.10. Strategies to Prevent and Control the Spread of Microbial Resistance in the Food Chain

3.10.1. Preventive and Control Measures in Primary Production
3.10.2. Preventive and Control Measures in Slaughterhouses
3.10.3. Preventive and Control Measures in Food Industries

The teaching materials of this program, elaborated by these specialists, have contents that are completely applicable to your professional experiences"