This Professional master’s degree will allow you to incorporate into your professional practice the most updated techniques for the approach to Chronic Kidney Disease"

Over the years, Nephrology has undergone significant improvements in diagnostic methods, in the development of precise ultrasound devices that allow an assessment of renal structure and function. Likewise, the improvement of transplant surgical techniques has contributed to increase patient survival rates and improve the short-term quality of life of people with ARF. As a result, keeping up to date in this field is essential for the specialist who does not want to be left behind with respect to advances in this medical sector.

In this regard, TECH has designed this program, which will allow the physician to delve into the latest diagnostic and therapeutic advances in Nephrology. Throughout this educational period he will delve into the up to date methods for detecting and managing arterial hypertension, diabetic renal disease, renal replacement therapy, glomerular diseases and systemic diseases or advances in renal transplantation. For this purpose, numerous multimedia didactic materials, specialized readings and clinical case studies are available to present different scenarios that you may face 
in your daily practice.

This program will be presented in a 100% online format, which will give professionals the alternative of coordinating their daily activities with this updating process. Likewise, the combination with the Relearning method will allow you to optimize your update at your own pace, effectively consolidating the concepts addressed in this university proposal.

Through this qualification, you will delve into the most advanced strategies when performing blood purification techniques"

This Professional master’s degree in Update on Nephrology contains the most complete and up-to-date scientific program on the market. The most important features include:

• Practical cases presented by specialists in Nephrology and Internal medicine
  
• The graphic, schematic, and practical contents with which they are created, provide scientific and practical information on the disciplines that are essential for professional practice
• Practical exercises where self-assessment can be used to improve learning
• Its special emphasis on innovative methodologies 
• Theoretical lessons, questions to the expert, debate forums on controversial topics, and individual reflection assignments 
• Content that is accessible from any fixed or portable device with an Internet connection 

Get up to date thanks to this Professional master’s degree in the treatment of the hydroelectrolytic alterations and poisonings that a patient may present"

The program’s teaching staff includes professionals from the field who contribute their work experience to this educational program, as well as renowned specialists from leading societies and prestigious universities.

The multimedia content, developed with the latest educational technology, will provide the professional with situated and contextual learning, i.e., a simulated environment that will provide immersive education programmed to learn in real situations.

This program is designed around Problem-Based Learning, whereby the professional must try to solve the different professional practice situations that arise during the academic year For this purpose, the students will be assisted by an innovative interactive video system created by renowned and experienced experts.

Learn about the latest protocols for the management of patients with Acute Renal Failure through this degree"

Update yourself under a 100% online format and without giving up your daily obligations"

The syllabus that makes up this program covers a wide range of crucial topics related to renal conditions. Therefore, students will be up to date with the latest methods of diagnosis and treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease, Arterial Hypertension or Acute Renal Failure. In addition, the contents will be available to the physician in multimedia formats such as interactive summaries and simulations of real cases. Likewise, the student will enjoy them 100% online and without leaving home.

The Relearning method presented by this qualification will allow you to update your knowledge at your own pace and without time constraints" 

Module 1. Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

1.1. Epidemiology and diagnosis of CKD

1.1.1. Epidemiology of CKD in our setting
1.1.2. Global Burden of Disease
1.1.3. Diagnosis. KDIGO 2021-2022 Guidelines
1.1.4. Chronic Kidney Disease vs. Renal Aging

1.2. Risk Factors

1.2.1. Non-modifiable risk factors
1.2.2. Modifiable risk factors
1.2.3. Sarcopenia and fragility

1.3. Anemia and Chronic Kidney Disease

1.3.1. Definition and management of Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
1.3.2. New molecules for the treatment of anemia in CKD patients
1.3.3. Iron Metabolism in Chronic Kidney Disease

1.4. Bone mineral metabolism in CKD

1.4.1. Mineral metabolism alterations: Calcium, phosphorus, Klotho, PTH, FGF-23 and Vitamin D
1.4.2. Primary Hyperparathyroidism vs. Scondary hyperparathyroidism in CKD patients
1.4.3. New molecules for the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism
1.4.4. Osteoporosis in CKD

1.5. Cardiovascular alterations and Inflammation in CKD

1.5.1. Cardiac remodeling in CKD
1.5.2. Vascular calcification in CKD
1.5.3. Cardiovascular study of the patient with CKD

1.6. Hyperkalemia in Chronic Kidney Disease

1.6.1. Management of the patient with hyperkalemia
1.6.2. New drugs for the treatment of hyperkalemia

1.7. Nutrition in Chronic Kidney Disease

1.7.1. Health education in the patient with CKD
1.7.2. Malnutrition in Chronic Kidney Disease
1.7.3. Nutritional Supplements

1.8. Anticoagulation in the CKD Patient

1.8.1. Indications in Atrial Fibrillation
1.8.2. Antivitamin K in CKD
1.8.3. New oral anticoagulants in CKD

1.9. Dyslipidemia and Cardiovascular Risk in CKD

1.9.1. Indication for treatment with lipid-lowering drugs in CKD
1.9.2. Global cardiovascular risk in patients with CKD

1.10. Immunological response in CKD

1.10.1. COVID19 infection and vaccines
1.10.2. Hepatitis B and C Virus Prophylaxis

Module 2. Arterial Hypertension (AH) and Diabetic Kidney Disease

2.1. Pathogenesis of Arterial Hypertension and cardiovascular risk

2.1.1. Renin angiotensin system
2.1.2. Cardiac remodeling in patients with hypertension

2.2. New developments in the diagnosis of AH

2.2.1. ACC/AHA, ESC/ESH Guidelines
2.2.2. Diagnostic Procedures in Arterial Hypertension
2.2.3. Usefulness of the ABPM and the AMPA

2.3. Arterial Hypertension in Special Situations

2.3.1. Resistant and refractory AH
2.3.2. Spurious AH
2.3.3. AH in Chronic Kidney Disease

2.4. Secondary Arterial Hypertension

2.4.1. When is the study indicated? Etiologies
2.4.2. Complementary examinations in secondary AH
2.4.3. Secondary hyperaldosteronism Diagnosis
2.4.4. Treatment in secondary hyperaldosteronism Updates

2.5. Hypertensive Emergency and Urgency

2.5.1. Diagnosis of Hypertensive Emergency
2.5.2. Management of hypertensive emergency/hypertensive emergency

2.6. Therapeutic developments in AH

2.6.1. Renal Denervation in patients with AH refractory to treatment
2.6.2. New aldosterone receptor antagonists
2.6.3. PCSK9 Inhibitors

2.7. Diabetic Kidney Disease

2.7.1. Definition. Histological Classification
2.7.2. New developments in the Pathophysiology of Diabetic Kidney Disease

2.8. New Treatments in Diabetic Kidney Disease

2.8.1. Inhibitors of sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 (iSGLT-2) Utility and practical aspects Diabetic and non-diabetic patients
2.8.2. GLP-1-Agonists:

2.9. Carotid Ultrasound

2.9.1. Intima-media thickness
2.9.2. Atheroma plaques
2.9.3. Cardiovascular risk according to carotid ultrasound findings

2.10. Renovascular Arterial Hypertension

2.10.1. Renal Artery Stenosis
2.10.2. Renal Doppler Indications
2.10.3. Arteriography and angioplasty indications

Module 3. Cardiorenal Medicine

3.1. Pathophysiology of Cardiorenal Syndrome

3.1.1. Physiological interactions between the heart and the kidney
3.1.2. Risk factors in heart-kidney interaction
3.1.3. Congestive phenotypes in the cardiorenal patient

3.2. Vexus Protocol in the Cardiorenal Patient

3.2.1. Stratification of systemic congestion
3.2.2. Portal venous Doppler
3.2.3. Suprahepatic venous Doppler
3.2.4. Renal venous Doppler

3.3. Pleuropulmonary Ultrasound in Cardiorenal Patients

3.3.1. Normal Pulmonary Ultrasound A lines pattern
3.3.2. Pleural sliding and pleural effusion
3.3.3. Blue Protocol for dyspnea study

3.4. Basic Echocardiography in the Cardiorenal Patient

3.4.1. Basic echocardiographic planes
3.4.2. Assessment of valvulopathies
3.4.3. Ventricular function. TAPSE, MAPSE
3.4.4. Diastolic alterations in the chronic renal patient

3.5. Biomarkers in the Cardiorenal Patient

3.5.1. Usefulness of CA125. Usefulness of Nt-ProBNP
3.5.2. Management of biomarkers in the cardiorenal patient
3.5.3. Resistance to diuretics Mechanisms. Treatment

3.6. Bioimpedance in Cardiorenal Medicine

3.6.1. Usefulness of Bioimpedance
3.6.2. Limitations
3.6.3. Useful parameters in the cardiorenal patient

3.7. Prognostic drugs in Heart Failure and CKD

3.7.1. ARA-II, ACE INHIBITORS
3.7.2. ARNI
3.7.3. Uses of ISGLT-2 in cardiorenal patient

3.8. Diuretics in the Cardiorenal Patient

3.8.1. Utility of loop diuretics
3.8.2. Utility of acetazolamide, ADVOR study
3.8.3. Sequential blockade of the nephron
3.8.4. Resistance to diuretics

3.9. Management of Acute Heart Failure in Patients with CKD

3.9.1. Diuretic dosage
3.9.2. Acid-base balance disturbances. Alkalosis due to diuretic
3.9.3. Furosemide Test
3.9.4. Utility of inotropes

3.10. Renal Replacement Therapy in the Management of the Cardiorenal Patient

3.10.1. Peritoneal Dialysis Utility in the patient with refractory heart failure
3.10.2. Other renal replacement techniques Continuous renal replacement techniques, SCuF, intermittent hemodialysis

Module 4. Glomerular Diseases and Systemic Diseases

4.1. Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome in Adults

4.1.1. Definition and Classification
4.1.2. Minimal change disease. Etiology, Diagnosis and Treatment
4.1.3. Focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis. Etiology, Diagnosis and Treatment

4.2. Membranous Nephropathy

4.2.1. Etiology, Definition and Classification
4.2.2. New developments in diagnosis. New serological markers
4.2.3. Treatment. Current clinical trials
4.2.4. New molecules in treatment

4.3. ANCA vasculitis

4.3.1. Classification of ANCA vasculitides and diagnosis. Urine soluble CD163
4.3.2. Diagnosis of ANCA vasculitis
4.3.3. New developments in the treatment of ANCA vasculitis. Avacopan
4.3.4. Plasmapheresis. PEXIVAS study

4.4. IgA Nephropathy

4.4.1. Diagnosis
4.4.2. Treatment. KDIGO Guidelines
4.4.3. New developments in treatment. Nefecon

4.5. Lupus and Kidney

4.5.1. Lupus nephritis. Indications for renal biopsy
4.5.2. Complement pathway in lupus nephritis
4.5.3. Treatment in lupus nephritis

4.6. Kidney and Monoclonal Gammopathies

4.6.1. Monoclonal Gammopathies of uncertain significance
4.6.2. Monoclonal Gammopathies of Renal Significance
4.6.3. Enf. Waldestrom and hyperviscosity sde

4.7. Myeloma kidney

4.7.1. Diagnosis and indications for renal biopsy
4.7.2. Renal Replacement Therapy
4.7.3. Elimination of light chains by depuration techniques
4.7.4. Prognosis of Disease

4.8. Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

4.8.1. Differential Diagnosis
4.8.2. Usefulness of plasmapheresis in HUS/PTT
4.8.3. Eculizumab. Indications

4.9. Renal amyloidosis

4.9.1. Types of amyloidosis
4.9.2. Etiopathogenesis and Histology
4.9.3. Diagnosis
4.9.4. Treatment. IL-6 Inhibitors

4.10. Recurrence of Glomerular Diseases in Post Kidney Transplantation

4.10.1. Focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis
4.10.2. IgA Nephropathy

Module 5. Acute Renal Failure (ARF)

5.1. New Diagnostics and Classification

5.1.1. Acute Renal Insufficiency Markers KIM-1, TIMP-2
5.1.2. Classification of ARF Nomenclature
5.1.3. Inflammation in ARF Kidney-Heart, Kidney-Lung Interaction

5.2. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Protocol of ARF

5.2.1. Water balance and ARF
5.2.2. Dyselectrolithemia in patients with ARF. Hyperkalemia in the critically ill patient
5.2.3. Utility of diuretics in ARF
5.2.4. Utility of albumin as a colloid in ARF

5.3. Acute Renal Failure and Renal Replacement Therapy

5.3.1. Early vs. late initiation of renal replacement therapy
5.3.2. Indications for renal replacement therapy

5.4. Continuous Renal Replacement Techniques (CRRT)

5.4.1. Indication Machines
5.4.2. Guideline, effluent dose
5.4.3. Utility of replacement liquid Prefilter. Postfilter
5.4.4. TCRR circuit anticoagulation

5.5. Hybrid Renal Replacement Techniques

5.5.1. Definition
5.5.2. Uses. Evidence of its usefulness in the critically ill patient.evidence of Coagulopathy in Critical Patients
5.5.3. Advantages and Disadvantages of the Hybrid Techniques

5.6. Intermittent Hemodialysis in the Critically Ill Patient

5.6.1. Intermittent Hemodialysis in the Critically Ill Patient
5.6.2. Dialysis Dosis regimen
5.6.3. Ultrafiltration in the hemodynamically unstable patient

5.7. Respiratory Dialysis

5.7.1. Pathophysiology of ARDS
5.7.2. Protective mechanical ventilation
5.7.3. Usefulness of ECCO2R membranes

5.8. Kidney and Sepsis

5.8.1. New developments in Sepsis and Septic Shock
5.8.2. Principles of antimicrobial prescribing in ARF
5.8.3. Renal replacement therapy in the patient with septic shock

5.9. Nutrition in the Acute Renal Failure Patient

5.9.1. Protein-caloric malnutrition
5.9.2. Hypercatabolism in the Critically Ill Patient

5.10. Antibiotics in the Critically Ill Patient undergoing Renal Replacement Therapy

5.10.1. Determinants of antibiotic distribution (Vd, proteins)
5.10.2. Adjustment of the main drugs according to pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics
5.10.3. Adjustment of drugs according to the dialysis technique employed

Module 6. Diagnostic and Interventional Nephrology

6.1. Renal Doppler Ultrasound and Ultrasonography

6.1.1. Renal morphological characteristics by ultrasound
6.1.2. Resistance indices. Alterations and usefulness
6.1.3. Renal artery Doppler ultrasound

6.2. Doppler Ultrasound and Complications of Renal Transplantation

6.2.1. Venous Thrombosis
6.2.2. Arterio-Venous Fistula
6.2.3. Lymphocele/urinoma

6.3. Ultrasound of Renal Masses

6.3.1. Simple Renal Cysts
6.3.2. Polycystic Kidney Disease
6.3.3. Angiomyolipomas

6.4. Vascular Ultrasound

6.4.1. Vascular mapping for vascular access
6.4.2. Vascular Ultrasound in Venous Access for Hemodialysis

6.5. Percutaneous Renal Biopsy

6.5.1. Indications
6.5.2. Techniques Relative and Absolute Contraindications
6.5.3. Complications
6.5.4. Transjugular Renal Biopsy. Indications and experience

6.6. Catheter Placement for temporary Hemodialysis

6.6.1. Indications for temporary catheter
6.6.2. Types of temporary catheters for hemodialysis
6.6.3. Seldinger technique Technique Complications

6.7. Tunneled hemodialysis catheter

6.7.1. Hemodialysis catheter tunneling technique
6.7.2. Technique Complications
6.7.3. Performance and duration of vascular access

6.8. Dialysis Catheter-Related Sepsis

6.8.1. Removal of tunneled dialysis catheter Indications
6.8.2. Tunneled Catheter Removal Technique
6.8.3. Infections by biofilm-producing germs

6.9. New Imaging Techniques in Nephrology

6.9.1. Ultrasound with contrast
6.9.2. Utility of nuclear magnetic resonance in Nephrology

6.10. Percutaneous Peritoneal Catheter Implantation

6.10.1. Implantation Techniques
6.10.2. Post implantation care
6.10.3. Complications

Module 7. Renal Replacement Therapy

7.1. Choice of Technique

7.1.1. Renal replacement Therapy indications
7.1.2. Contraindications of Renal Replacement Therapy
7.1.3. Choice of Treatment

7.2. Hemodialysis Vascular Access

7.2.1. Arterio-Venous Fistula
7.2.2. Prosthesis
7.2.3. Central venous Catheter
7.2.4. Choice of vascular access

7.3. Hemodialysis

7.3.1. High-Flow Hemodialysis
7.3.2. Online Hemodialysis Indication, technique and adequacy of the same
7.3.3. Extended hemodialysis and incremental hemodialysis

7.4. Peritoneal Dialysis

7.4.1. Techniques Indications
7.4.2. Contraindications of Peritoneal Dialysis. Complications
7.4.3. Choice of Technique: APD or CAPD

7.5. Complications in Hemodialysis

7.5.1. Hypotension
7.5.2. Arrhythmias in Hemodialysis Patients
7.5.3. Allergy to the dialyzer

7.6. Complications in Peritoneal Dialysis

7.6.1. PD catheter migration
7.6.2. Peritonitis in the PD patient

7.7. Home Hemodialysis

7.7.1. Indications
7.7.2. Technique and contraindications
7.7.3. Origin of home hemodialysis. Future

7.8. Fragility in the Hemodialysis Patient

7.8.1. Sarcopenia
7.8.2. Undernourishment in the Hemodialysis Patient
7.8.3. Physical Exercise and Hemodialysis

7.9. Anticoagulation in Hemodialysis

7.9.1. Antivitamin K in Hemodialysis
7.9.2. Contraindications
7.9.3. Controversies in the Hemodialysis Patient
7.9.4. NACOS

7.10. Withdrawal from the Hemodialysis Program

7.10.1. Indications
7.10.2.Palliative Care in Nephrology

Module 8. Onconephrology and Kidney-Liver

8.1. Kidney-Cancer Connection

8.1.1. Chronic kidney disease and cancer: risk factors
8.1.2. Renal damage after contrast in the oncologic patient

8.2. Acute Renal Failure in the Oncologic Patient

8.2.1. Diagnosis
8.2.2. Indications for renal biopsy
8.2.3. Thrombotic Microangiopathy in the oncologic patient
8.2.4. Tumor Lysis Syndrome

8.3. Check-Point inhibitors

8.3.1. Therapeutic arsenal
8.3.2. Targets of action
8.3.3. Acute Renal Failure

8.4. Cancer and Renal Transplantation

8.4.1. Incidence
8.4.2. Diagnosis
8.4.3. Treatment

8.5. Liver-Kidney Interaction

8.5.1. Pathophysiology of the hepatorenal syndrome

8.6. Management of Hepatorenal Syndrome

8.6.1. Diagnostic Criteria
8.6.2. Prophylaxis and general measures
8.6.3. Vasoconstrictors and albumin

8.7. Renal Dysfunction After Liver Transplantation

8.7.1. Acute renal injury after liver transplantation
8.7.2. Effects of immunosuppression

8.8. Extracorporal Liver Support Devices

8.8.1. MARS Systems
8.8.2. Hemofiltration and Hemodiafiltration
8.8.3. Single-pass dialysis

8.9. Chronic Kidney Disease and Cirrhosis

8.9.1. Hepatitis virus infection in chronic kidney disease
8.9.2. NASH and metabolic syndrome
8.9.3. Indications for double Liver and Kidney transplantation

8.10. Glomerulopathies and Cirrhosis

8.10.1. Secondary IgA glomerulopathy
8.10.2. Other glomerulopathies in the cirrhotic patient

Module 9. Hydroelectrolytic Alterations and Poisonings

9.1. Metformin poisoning

9.1.1. Pathophysiology
9.1.2. Risk Factors and Classification
9.1.3. Treatment

9.2. Ethylene glycol poisoning

9.2.1. Diagnosis
9.2.2. Treatment

9.3. Lithium Poisoning

9.3.1. Diagnosis and Clinic
9.3.2. Treatment Indications
9.3.3. Renal replacement treatment indications

9.4. Lactic Acidosis

9.4.1. Generation of lactic acid
9.4.2. Differential Diagnosis of Lactic Acidosis
9.4.3. Indication of treatment with bicarbonate

9.5. Renal Tubular Acidosis

9.5.1. Renal Tubular Distal Acidosis
9.5.2. Renal Tubular Acidosis Type IV

9.6. GAP Anion

9.6.1. Gap anion calculation
9.6.2. Anion GAP and clinical utility
9.6.3. Urinary GAP anion

9.7. Hyperkalemia

9.7.1. Acute hyperkalemia, causes and diagnosis
9.7.2. Treatment of Acute Hyperkalemia
9.7.3. Renal replacement therapy in acute hyperkalemia

9.8. Hyponatremia

9.8.1. Estimation of extracellular volume in hyponatremia
9.8.2. Treatment algorithms in hyponatremia
9.8.3. Usefulness of urinary study

9.9. Metabolic Alkalosis

9.9.1. Differential Diagnosis
9.9.2. Treatment of metabolic alkalosis
9.9.3. Role of dialysis in metabolic alkalosis

9.10. Magnesium disorders

9.10.1. Hypomagenesemia
9.10.2. Hypomagenesemia

Module 10. Renal Transplant and Other Blood cleansing techniques

10.1. Indications for Renal Transplantation

10.1.1. Indication and contraindications of renal transplantation
10.1.2. Pre-renal transplant immunological study

10.2. Immunosuppression in Renal Transplantation

10.2.1. Immunosuppression regimens in renal transplantation
10.2.2. Induction regimens in renal transplantation
10.2.3. Complications related to immunosuppression
10.2.4. Imlyfidase

10.3. Complications of Renal Post-transplantation

10.3.1. Surgical complications
10.3.2. Cardiovascular Complications

10.4. Infection in the Renal Transplant Patient

10.4.1. Infections in the immediate post-transplant period
10.4.2. Infections in the Renal Transplant Patient
10.4.3. Opportunistic infections: CMV, BKCMV

10.5. Acute Rejection in Renal Transplant Patients

10.5.1. Indications for renal biopsy
10.5.2. New Treatments

10.6. Plasmapheresis Non Renal Indications

10.6.1. Plasmapheresis in hematologic diseases
10.6.2. Plasmapheresis in Septic Shock
10.6.3. Plasmapheresis in systemic autoimmune diseases

10.7. Molecular Adsorption Techniques

10.7.1. Endotoxin adsorption filters
10.7.2. Utility and clinical evidence

10.8.E xtracorporeal oxygenation membranes

10.8.1. Membranes for lung support
10.8.2. Membranes for Cardiac support

10.9. Prometheus System

10.9.1. Prometheus system utility. EC HELIOS
10.9.2. Comparison between Prometheus and MARS System

10.10. PFAD System (Plasma Filtration-Adsorption-Dialysis)

10.10.1. New Perspectives
10.10.2. Potential usefulness in the clinic

Take this Professional master’s degree and obtain the most innovative knowledge on different fields of Nephrology"