This Postgraduate diploma is the best investment you can make in selecting a refresher program to update your knowledge in Bone Physio-Pathology"

The teaching team of this Expert in Bone Physio-Pathology has made a careful selection of the different state-of-the-art techniques for experienced professionals working in the veterinary field.  

This Postgraduate diploma addresses the most relevant and significant osteology topics for the professional in order to achieve specialization in bone diseases due to malformations, aberrations in function and alterations due to forces that cause fractures. 

To achieve this specialized knowledge of bone, we must emphasize the key points of osteogenesis, i.e. bone formation. 

On the other hand, arthroscopy has undergone a great boost thanks to the great technological advances at the end of the 20th century with the use of fiber optics instead of glass and mini-cameras with color separation for better intra-articular vision. 

Nowadays, thanks to arthroscopy, joints rarely have to be opened, pain is much less and the patient can walk for a few hours after the treatment, achieving a much greater improvement. Although arthroscopy requires significant investment and ongoing training, its use has spread worldwide, making it a common practice in veterinary hospitals. 

In addition, this training includes 20 of the most important orthopedic diseases affecting dogs and cats, as well as specialized theoretical and practical information to reach a correct diagnosis. It develops the most important characteristics of each of these diseases in relation to breed, sex and incidence in the veterinary clinic.  

The teachers in this specialization are university professors with between 10 and 50 years of classroom and hospital experience. They are professors from schools on different continents, with different ways of doing surgery and with world-renowned surgical techniques. This makes this Postgraduate diploma a unique specialization program, different from any other that may be offered at this moment in the rest of the universities. 

As it is an online Postgraduate diploma, the student is not conditioned by fixed schedules or the need to move to another physical location, but can access the contents at any time of the day, balancing their work or personal life with their academic life.

Incorporate the latest developments in Traumatology and Orthopedic Surgery in your daily practice, with this specialization of high scientific rigor"

This Postgraduate diploma in Bone Physio-Pathology contains the most complete and up-to-date educational program on the market. The most important features of the program include: 

• The development of practical cases presented by experts in Bone Physio-Pathology
• The graphic, schematic, and eminently practical contents with which they are created provide scientific and practical information on the disciplines that are essential for professional practice
• Practical exercises where the self-assessment process can be carried out to improve learning
• Special emphasis on innovative methodologies in Bone Physio-Pathology
• Theoretical lessons, questions to the expert, debate forums on controversial topics, and individual reflection assignments
• Content that is accessible from any fixed or portable device with an Internet connection

This Postgraduate diploma is the best investment you can make in selecting a refresher program to update your knowledge in Bone Physio-Pathology"

Its teaching staff includes professionals from the veterinary field, who bring the experience of their work to this training, as well as recognised specialists from leading societies and prestigious universities. 

Its Multimedia Content, elaborated with the latest Educational Technology, will allow the Professional a situated and contextual learning, that is to say, a Simulated Environment that will provide an immersive specialization programmed to train in real situations. 

This program is designed around Problem Based Learning, whereby the specialist must try to solve the different professional practice situations that arise during the academic year. For this purpose, the professional will be assisted by an innovative interactive video system created by renowned and experienced experts in Bone Physio-Pathology.  

This training comes with the best didactic material, providing you with a contextual approach that will facilitate your learning"

This specialization is the best option you can find to specialize in Bone Physio-Pathology"

The structure of the contents has been designed by the best professionals in the field of Veterinary Traumatology and Orthopedic Surgery, with extensive experience and recognized prestige in the profession, backed by the volume of cases reviewed, studied and diagnosed, and with extensive knowledge of new technologies applied to veterinary medicine.

This Postgraduate diploma in Bone Physio-Pathology contains the most complete and up to date scientific program on the market"

Module 1. Osteogenesis 

1.1.History of Orthopedic Surgery

1.1.1. The Five Steps to Learn Surgery 
1.1.2. State of Orthopedic Surgery in the World 
1.1.3. Why I Should Study Orthopedics

1.2. Osteogenic Cells 

1.2.1. Osteoblasts 
1.2.2. Osteocytes
1.2.3. Osteoclasts

1.3. The Bone Matrix
1.4. The Growth Plate

1.4.1. Organisation of the Growth Plate
1.4.2. Blood Supply to the Growth Plate
1.4.3. Structure and Function of the Growth Plate 
1.4.4. Cartilaginous Components

1.4.4.1. Reserve Area
1.4.4.2. Proliferative Zone
1.4.4.3. Hypertrophic Zone

1.4.5. Bone Components (metaphysis)
1.4.6. Fibrous and Fibrocartilaginous Components

1.5. Diaphyseal Bone Formation
1.6. Cortical Remodelling
1.7. Bone Irrigation

1.7.1. Normal Irrigation of Young Bone
1.7.2. Normal Irrigation of Mature Bone

1.7.2.1. Afferent Vascular System

1.7.2.1.1. Physiology of the Afferent Vascular System

1.7.2.2. Afferent Vascular System

1.7.2.2.1. Physiology of the Afferent Vascular System

1.7.2.3. Intermediate Vascular System of Compact Bone

1.7.2.3.1. Physiology Intermediate Vascular System of Compact Bone
1.7.2.3.2. Bone Cell Activity

1.8. Calcium-Regulating Hormones

1.8.1. Parathyroid Hormone

1.8.1.1. Anatomy of the Parathyroid Glands
1.8.1.2. Parathyroid Hormone Biosynthesis 
1.8.1.3. Control of Parathyroid Hormone Secretion
1.8.1.4. Biological Action of Parathyroid Hormone

1.8.2. Calcitonin

1.8.2.1. Thyroid C (Parafollicular) cells
1.8.2.2. Calcitonin Secretion Regulation
1.8.2.3. Biological Action and Physiological Significance of Calcitonin
1.8.2.4. Primary and Secondary Hypercalcitoninemia

1.8.3. Cholecalciferol (vitamin D)

1.8.3.1. Metabolic Activation of Vitamin D
1.8.3.2. Subcellular Mechanisms of Action of Active Vitamin Metabolites
1.8.3.3. Effects of Hormonal Alterations on the Skeleton under Pathological Conditions
1.8.3.4. Vitamin D deficiency
1.8.3.5. Vitamin D Excess
1.8.3.6. Primary and Secondary Hyperparathyroidism

1.9. Biomechanics of Fractures

1.9.1. Bone as a Material 
1.9.2. The Role of Bone in Bone Fracture. Basic Mechanical Concepts

1.10. Clinical-Imaging Evaluation of Fracture Repair

1.10.1. Basic Fracture Repair

1.10.1.1. Bone Callus Formation

1.10.1.1.1. Misty Callus  
1.10.1.1.2. Stratified Callus
1.10.1.1.3. Fracture Healing

1.10.2. The Bone’s Response to Trauma  

1.10.2.1. Inflammatory Phase
1.10.2.2. Repair Phase
1.10.2.3. Remodelling Phase

1.10.3. Repair by First Intention
1.10.4. Second Intention Repair
1.10.5. Clinical Union

1.10.5.1. Clinical Attachment Ranges
1.10.5.2. Repair by Third Intention (delayed joining): 
1.10.5.3. Lack of Unity

1.10.6. Bone Behaviour with Different Fixation Methods

1.10.6.1. Bone Behaviour with the Use of External Fixation (splints and bandages) 
1.10.6.2. Bone Behaviour with the use of External Fixators
1.10.6.3. Bone Behaviour with the Use of Steinmann Intramedullary Nailing
1.10.6.4. Bone Behaviour with the Use of Plates and Screws
1.10.6.5. Bone Behaviour with the Use of Prosthesis

1.10.6.5.1. Cemented
1.10.6.5.2. Biological
1.10.6.5.3. Blocked

Module 2. Arthroscopy 

2.1. History of Arthroscopy

2.1.1. Beginning of Arthroscopy in Human Medicine
2.1.2. Start of Veterinary Arthroscopy
2.1.3. Dissemination of Veterinary Arthroscopy
2.1.4. Future of Arthroscopy

2.2. Advantages and Disadvantages of Arthroscopy

2.2.1. Open versus Minimally Invasive Surgery
2.2.2. Economic Aspects of Arthroscopy
2.2.3. Arthroscopy Techniques Training

2.3. Arthroscopy Techniques Training

2.3.1. Endoscopy Equipment 
2.3.2. Arthroscopy Specific Material
2.3.3. Instruments and Implants for Intra-Articular Surgery
2.3.4. Cleaning, Disinfection and Maintenance of Arthroscopy Instruments

2.4. Elbow Arthroscopy

2.4.1. Patient Preparation and Positioning
2.4.2. Joint Anatomy of the Elbow
2.4.3. Arthroscopic Approach to the Elbow
2.4.4. Fragmentation of the Medial Coronoid Process
2.4.5. Osteochondrosis-Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Humeral Condyle
2.4.6. Medial Compartment Syndrome
2.4.7. Other Pathologies and Indications for Elbow Arthroscopy
2.4.8. Contraindications and Complications in Elbow Arthroscopy

2.5. Shoulder Arthroscopy

2.5.1. Patient Preparation and Positioning
2.5.2. Joint Anatomy of the Shoulder
2.5.3. Lateral and Medial Shoulder Approach with the Limb Hanging
2.5.4. Osteochondrosis-Osteochondritis Shoulder  
2.5.5. Bicipital Tendinitis
2.5.6. Shoulder Instability 
2.5.7. Other Pathologies and Indications for Shoulder Arthroscopy
2.5.8. Contraindications and Complications in Shoulder Arthroscopy

2.6. Knee Arthroscopy

2.6.1. Patient Preparation and Positioning
2.6.2. Joint Anatomy of the Knee
2.6.3. Arthroscopic Approach to the Knee
2.6.4. Cranial Cruciate Ligament Injury
2.6.5. Meniscopathies
2.6.6. Osteochondrosis-Osteochondritis Dissecans
2.6.7. Other Pathologies and Indications for Knee Arthroscopy
2.6.8. Contraindications and Complications in Knee Arthroscopy

2.7. Hip Arthroscopy 

2.7.1. Patient Preparation and Positioning
2.7.2. Approach to the Hip
2.7.3. Pathologies and Indications for Hip Arthroscopy
2.7.4. Contraindications and Complications in Hip Arthroscopy

2.8. Tarsal Arthroscopy 

2.8.1. Articular Anatomy of the Tarsus
2.8.2. Preparation and Positioning of the Patient
2.8.3. Arthroscopic Approach to the Tarsus
2.8.4. Pathologies and Indications for Tarsal Arthroscopy
2.8.5. Contraindications and Complications in Tarsal Arthroscopy

2.9. Carpal Arthroscopy

2.9.1. Anatomy of the Carpal Joint
2.9.2. Preparation and Positioning of the Patient
2.9.3. Arthroscopic Approach to the Carpus
2.9.4. Pathologies and Indications for Carpal Arthroscopy
2.9.5. Contraindications and Complications in Carpal Arthroscopy

2.10. Arthroscopy-Assisted Surgery 

2.10.1. Bone Anchors and Other Implants for Joint Stabilisation Surgery
2.10.2. Arthroscopically Assisted Shoulder Stabilisation Surgery

Module 3. Orthopedic Diseases 

3.1. Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture

3.1.1. Definition

3.1.1.1. Etiology
3.1.1.2. Pathogenesis
3.1.1.3. Clinical Signs

3.1.1.3.1. Diagnosis
3.1.1.3.2. Therapy

3.2. Patellar Dislocation and Legg Perthes Disease

3.2.1. Definition

3.2.1.1. Etiology
3.2.1.2. Pathogenesis
3.2.1.3. Clinical Signs 
3.2.1.4. Diagnosis
3.2.1.5. Therapy 

3.3. Hip Dysplasia and Traumatic Hip Dislocation

3.3.1. Definition
3.3.2. Etiology
3.3.3. Pathogenesis
3.3.4. Clinical Signs 
3.3.5. Diagnosis
3.3.6. Therapy 

3.4. Elbow Dysplasia

3.4.1. Definition
3.4.2. Etiology
3.4.3. Pathogenesis
3.4.4. Clinical Signs 
3.4.5. Diagnosis
3.4.6. Therapy 

3.5. Radius Curvature 

3.5.1. Definition 
3.5.2. Etiology 
3.5.3. Pathogenesis
3.5.4. Clinical Signs 
3.5.5. Diagnosis
3.5.6. Therapy 

3.6. Wobbler Syndrome 

3.6.1. Definition 
3.6.2. Etiology 
3.6.3. Pathogenesis
3.6.4. Clinical Signs 
3.6.5. Diagnosis
3.6.6. Therapy 

3.7. Lumbosacral Instability

3.7.1. Definition
3.7.2. Etiology
3.7.3. Pathogenesis
3.7.4. Clinical Signs 
3.7.5. Diagnosis
3.7.6. Therapy 

3.8. Osteomyelitis, Osteoarthritis and Osteosarcoma

3.8.1. Definition
3.8.2. Etiology
3.8.3. Pathogenesis
3.8.4. Clinical Signs 
3.8.5. Diagnosis
3.8.6. Therapy 

3.9. Osteochondrosis-Osteochondritis Discordant (Ocd) and Panosteitis

3.9.1. Definition 
3.9.2. Etiology 
3.9.3. Pathogenesis
3.9.4. Clinical Signs 

3.10. Scapulohumeral Instability

3.10.1. Definition
3.10.2. Etiology
3.10.3. Pathogenesis
3.10.4. Clinical Signs 
3.10.5. Diagn

This training will allow you to advance in your career comfortably"