Thanks to this 100% online Professional master’s degree, you will acquire a deep and specialized knowledge about the growing threat posed by antibiotic-resistant bacteria"

Drug-resistant diseases, such as antibiotics and antibacterials, represent a global health problem that, in the coming decades, could cause millions of deaths and a significant increase in healthcare costs. 

In this scenario, physicians are faced with the constant challenge of deepening the management of multidrug-resistant bacteria and their increasingly evident impact on the daily lives of many patients.

For this reason, TECH presents this 12-month Professional master’s degree, in which specialists will be able to update their knowledge on new strategies and health policies to combat the threat of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Therefore, this academic program will include an exhaustive analysis of the evolution of drug-resistant pathogens and will highlight the most relevant ones at present.

Likewise, the agenda will delve into the most innovative studies on how resistances are disseminated through different foods, both animal and vegetable, as well as through water. In addition, innovative strategies to prevent and control this phenomenon in primary food production will be presented.

Finally, the One Health strategy will be addressed and how climate change could influence the increase in antibiotic resistance will be examined. Innovative treatments will also be covered, such as new antimicrobial molecules and their potential therapeutic applications for the future of healthcare. Added to this will be the analysis of the impact of technological resources, such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), to improve the understanding and treatment of infectious diseases.

Thanks to this comprehensive content, professionals will have a 100% online methodology, allowing them to adjust their study time to their schedules and personal and work obligations. In addition, the program will implement the revolutionary Relearning system, which favors the intensive assimilation of key concepts through repetition. Therefore, graduates can study at their own pace and master the latest scientific evidence on multidrug-resistant bacteria. 

You will develop competencies in microbiological analysis, advanced laboratory techniques and epidemiological data management, through the best teaching materials, at the forefront of technology and education"

This Professional master’s degree in Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria contains the most complete and up-to-date scientific program on the market. The most important features include: 

• The development of case studies presented by experts in Microbiology, Medicine and Parasitology.
• The graphic, schematic and eminently practical contents with which it is conceived gather scientific and practical information on those disciplines that are indispensable for professional practice
• Practical exercises where self-assessment can be used to improve learning.
• Its special emphasis on innovative methodologies
• Theoretical lessons, questions to the expert, debate forums on controversial topics, and individual reflection assignments
• Availability to access content from any fixed or portable device with an Internet connection.

Don't miss this unique opportunity that only TECH offers you! You will address the One Health strategy and examine how climate change could influence the rise of antibiotic resistance"

The program’s teaching staff includes professionals from the field who contribute their work experience to this educational program, as well as renowned specialists from leading societies and prestigious universities.

The multimedia content, developed with the latest educational technology, will provide the professional with situated and contextual learning, i.e., a simulated environment that will provide immersive education programmed to learn in real situations.

This program is designed around Problem-Based Learning, whereby the professional must try to solve the different professional practice situations that arise during the course. For this purpose, students will be assisted by an innovative interactive video system created by renowned and experienced experts.

You will analyze the evolution of drug-resistant pathogens, highlighting the most relevant ones today, thanks to the extensive library of multimedia resources offered by TECH"

You will delve into the spread of bacterial resistance through various food, animal, plant and water sources, with the help of the best digital university in the world, according to Forbes"

The university program will approach bacterial resistance from multiple perspectives, including human health, veterinary medicine and the food chain, providing a comprehensive understanding of the problem. Therefore, specific up-to-date knowledge will be provided, based on the latest research and discoveries in the area of antibiotic resistance. In addition, the latest advances in the fight against superbugs, such as strategies for treating patients in ICUs, phage therapy or Artificial Intelligence applied to the field of infectious diseases and Clinical Microbiology. 

You will delve into advanced diagnostic techniques and research methodologies, as well as the development and evaluation of new antimicrobial therapies, with the support of the revolutionary Relearning methodology" 

Module 1. Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in Human Pathology

1.1. Mechanisms of Acquired Resistance to Antibiotics

1.1.1. Acquisition of Resistance Genes
1.1.2. Mutations.
1.1.3. Acquisition of Plasmids

1.2. Mechanisms of Intrinsic Resistance to Antibiotics

1.2.1. Blockage of Antibiotic Entry
1.2.2. Modification of the Antibiotic Target
1.2.3. Inactivation of the Antibiotic
1.2.4. Antibiotic Expulsion

1.3. Chronology and Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance

1.3.1. Discovery of Antibiotic Resistance
1.3.2. Plasmids
1.3.3. Evolution of Resistance
1.3.4. Current Trends in the Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance

1.4. Antibiotic Resistance in Human Pathology

1.4.1. Increased Mortality and Morbidity
1.4.2. Impact of Resistance on Public Health
1.4.3. Economic Cost Associated with Antibiotic Resistance

1.5. Multidrug-resistant Human Pathogens

1.5.1. Acinetobacter Baumannii
1.5.2. Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
1.5.3. Enterobacteriaceae
1.5.4. Enterococcus Faecium
1.5.5. Staphylococcus Aureus
1.5.6. Helicobacter Pylori
1.5.7. Campylobacter spp
1.5.8. Salmonellae
1.5.9. Neisseria Gonorrhoeae
1.5.10. Streptococcus Pneumoniae
1.5.11. Hemophilus Influenzae
1.5.12. Shigella Spp.

1.6. Bacteria Highly Dangerous to Human Health: Update of the WHO List

1.6.1. Critical Priority Pathogens
1.6.2. High Priority Pathogens
1.6.3. Pathogens with Medium Priority

1.7. Analysis of the Causes of Antibiotic Resistance

1.7.1. Lack of New Antibiotics
1.7.2. Socioeconomic Factors and Health Policies
1.7.3. Poor Hygiene and Sanitation
1.7.4. Health Policies and Antibiotic Resistance
1.7.5. International Travel and Global Trade
1.7.6. Dispersal of High-Risk Clones
1.7.7. Emerging Pathogens with Resistance to Multiple Antibiotics

1.8. Antibiotic Use and Abuse in the Community

1.8.1. Prescription
1.8.2. Acquisition
1.8.3. Misuse of Antibiotics

1.9. Current Status of Antibiotic Resistance in the World

1.9.1. Global Statistics
1.9.2. Central and South America
1.9.3. Africa
1.9.4. Europe
1.9.5. North America
1.9.6. Asia and Oceania

1.10. Perspectives on Antibiotic Resistance

1.10.1. Strategies to Mitigate the Problem of Multidrug Resistance
1.10.2. International Actions
1.10.3. Actions at the Global Leve

Module 2. Management of Patients with Multiresistant Bacterial Infections in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU)

2.1. Colonization and Infection of Patients in ICUs

2.1.1. Types of ICUs
2.1.2. Epidemiology
2.1.3. Risk Factors Associated with Infection in ICUs

2.2. Impact of Nosocomial Infections in the Critically Ill Patient

2.2.1. Importance of Nosocomial Infections in ICUs
2.2.2. Risk Factors for Nosocomial Infections

2.2.2.1. Patient Factors
2.2.2.2. Factors of the ICU Environment
2.2.2.3. Factors Related to the Healthcare Personnel

2.2.2. Impact of Nosocomial Infections in Immunocompromised Patients 
2.2.3. Impact on Length of Stay in the ICU

2.3. Pneumonia Associated with Mechanical Ventilation

2.3.1. Etiology
2.3.2. Diagnosis
2.3.3. Treatment

2.4. Urinary Tract Infections Associated with Catheters

2.4.1. Etiology
2.4.2. Diagnosis
2.4.3. Treatment

2.5. Primary Bacteremias and Catheter-related Bacteremias

2.5.1. Etiology
2.5.2. Diagnosis
2.5.3. Treatment

2.6. Pseudomembranous Colitis

2.6.1. Etiology
2.6.2. Diagnosis
2.6.3. Treatment

2.7. Infections by Opportunistic Pathogens

2.7.1. Etiology
2.7.2. Diagnosis
2.7.3. Treatment

2.8. Appropriate Use of Antibiotics

2.8.1. Programs for the Optimization of Antibiotic use (PROA) in the ICU
2.8.2. Antibiotic Therapy Strategies for the Treatment of Gram-negative Patients
2.8.3. Antibiotic Therapy Strategies for the Treatment of Gram-positive Patients 
2.8.4. Antibiotic Therapy Strategies for the Treatment of Co-infections 

2.9. Strategies for the Prevention of BMR Infections in the ICU

2.9.1. Hygiene Measures
2.9.2. Infection Control Measures
2.9.3. Protocols and Clinical Practice Guidelines
2.9.4. Education and Training of ICU Personnel
2.9.5. Participation of Patients and their Families

2.10. Infection Prevention Strategies in the ICU

2.10.1. Infection Prevention Strategies in the ICU According to the Focus

2.10.1.1. Pneumonia
2.10.1.2. Bacteremia
2.10.1.3. Urinary Infection

2.10.2. Evaluation and Quality Indicators in the Prevention of Infections
2.10.3. Evaluation and Continuous Improvement Tools
2.10.4. Successful Examples of Infection Prevention in ICUs

Module 3. Multidrug-Resistant Gram Negative Bacteria

3.1. Infections Due to Gram-Negative Microorganisms

3.1.1. Epidemiology of Gram-Negative Microorganisms
3.1.2. Community and Nosocomial Infections by Gram-Negative Microorganisms
3.1.3. Relevance of Infections by Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Microorganisms 

3.2. Pathogenesis of Infections by Gram-Negative Microorganisms

3.2.1. Factors Related to Gram-Negative Microorganisms
3.2.2. Patient Factors in Gram-Negative Infections
3.2.3. Other Factors in Gram-Negative Infections

3.3. Clinical Evaluation of Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Infections

3.3.1. Medical History
3.3.2. Clinical Evaluation of Patients
3.3.3. Other Data of Interest

3.4. Complementary Tests in Infections by Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Microorganisms

3.4.1. Blood Tests
3.4.2. Imaging Tests
3.4.3. Microbiological Techniques

3.5. Estimation of Severity in Patients with Infections by Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Microorganisms 

3.5.1. Gram-Negative Multidrug-Resistant Microorganisms
3.5.2. Traditional Approach to Severity Estimation
3.5.3. Practical Conclusions

3.6. Risk of Acquiring Infections by Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Microorganisms

3.6.1. Clinical Factors in the Acquisition of Infections by Multidrug-Resistant GramNegative Microorganisms
3.6.2. Other Factors in the Acquisition of Infections by Multidrug-Resistant GramNegative Microorganisms 
3.6.3. Tools to Calculate the Risk of Presence of Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Microorganisms

3.7. Empirical Treatment in the Suspicion of Infections by Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Microorganisms

3.7.1. Microorganisms Involved According to Localization
3.7.2. Comprehensive Assessment of Patients with Suspected Infections by MultidrugResistant Gram-Negative Microorganisms
3.7.3. Selection of Empirical Antibiotic Treatment

3.8. Targeted Therapy in Infections by Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Microorganisms 

3.8.1. Adjustment of Antibiotic Therapy According to Microbiological Results
3.8.2. Follow-up of Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Microorganism Infection 
3.8.3. Most Relevant Side Effects of Antibiotherapy

3.9. Duration of Antibiotherapy in Infections by Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Microorganisms 

3.9.1. Estimation of the Duration of Antibiotic Treatment in Infections by MultidrugResistant Gram-Negative Microorganisms
3.9.2. Relevance of Focus Control in Infections by Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Microorganisms 
3.9.3. Special Considerations Related to Antibiotic Therapy in These Infections 

3.10. PROA Teams in Infections Caused by Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Microorganisms

3.10.1. PROA Teams: History
3.10.2. Impact of PROA Teams on the Correct Use of Antibiotic Treatments 
3.10.3. Challenge of PROA Teams in the Treatment of Infections Caused by Multiresistant Gram-Negative Microorganisms

Module 4. Antibiotic Resistance in Streptococcus, EnterococcusandStaphylococcus

4.1. Infections Due to Gram-Positive Bacteria

4.1.1. Natural Habitat of Gram-Positive Pathogens
4.1.2. Nosocomial Infections due to Gram-Positive Bacteria
4.1.3. Community-acquired Infections by Gram-Positive Bacteria 

4.2. In Vitro and in Vivo Systems for the Study of Resistance in Gram-Positive Bacteria

4.2.1. Biofilms
4.2.2. Cellular Models
4.2.3. Animal Models

4.3. Streptococcus Pneumoniae

4.3.1. Clinical Significance
4.3.2. Resistance Mechanisms
4.3.3. Biofilms
4.3.4. Treatment Options

4.4. Streptococcus Pyogenes

4.4.1. Clinical Significance
4.4.2. Resistance Mechanisms
4.4.3. Biofilms
4.4.4. Treatment Options

4.5. Streptococcus Agalactiae

4.5.1. Clinical Significance
4.5.2. Resistance Mechanisms
4.5.3. Biofilms
4.5.4. Treatment Options

4.6. Enterococcus Faecalis

4.6.1. Clinical Significance
4.6.2. Resistance Mechanisms
4.6.3. Biofilms
4.6.4. Treatment Options

4.7. Enterococcus Faecium

4.7.1. Clinical Significance
4.7.2. Resistance Mechanisms
4.7.3. Biofilms
4.7.4. Treatment Options

4.8. Staphylococcus Aureus

4.8.1. Clinical Significance
4.8.2. Resistance Mechanisms
4.8.3. Biofilms
4.8.4. Treatment Options

4.9. Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

4.9.1. Clinical Significance
4.9.2. Resistance Mechanisms
4.9.3. Treatment Options

4.10. Resistance in Other Gram-Positive Bacteria

4.10.1. Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcus
4.10.2. Clostridioides Difficile
4.10.3. Emerging Gram Positive Pathogens

Module 5. Proteomics in Clinical Microbiology

5.1. Proteomics in the Microbiology Laboratory

5.1.1. Evolution and Development of Proteomics
5.1.2. Importance in Microbiological Diagnosis
5.1.3. Proteomics of Multi-Resistant Bacteria

5.2. Qualitative Protein Separation Techniques

5.2.1. Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis (2DE)
5.2.2. DIGE Technology
5.2.3. Applications in Microbiology

5.3. Quantitative Protein Separation Techniques

5.3.1. Isotopic Labelling
5.3.2. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
5.3.3. Mass Spectrometry (MS)

5.3.3.1. MALDI-TOF Technologies in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory

5.3.3.1.1. VITEK®MS System
5.3.3.1.2. MALDI Biotyper® System

5.4. MALDI-TOF Applications in Clinical Microbiology

5.4.1. Identification of Microorganisms
5.4.2. Characterization of Antibiotic Resistance
5.4.3. Bacterial Typing

5.5. Bioinformatics Tools for Proteomics

5.5.1. Proteomic Databases
5.5.2. Protein Sequence Analysis Tools
5.5.3. Visualization of Proteomic Data

5.6. Genomics in the Microbiology Laboratory

5.6.1. Evolution and Development of Genomics
5.6.2. Importance in Microbiological Diagnosis
5.6.3. Genomics of Multi-Resistant Bacteria

5.7. Types of Sequencing

5.7.1. Sequencing of Genes with Taxonomic Value
5.7.2. Sequencing of Genes of Taxonomic Value 
5.7.3. Bulk Sequencing

5.8. Applications of Massive Sequencing in Clinical Microbiology

5.8.1. Whole Bacterial Genome Sequencing
5.8.2. Comparative Genomics
5.8.3. Epidemiological Surveillance
5.8.4. Microbial Diversity and Evolution Studies

5.9. Bioinformatics Tools for Genomics

5.9.1. Genomic Databases
5.9.2. Sequence Analysis Tools
5.9.3. Visualization of Genomic Data

5.10. Future of Genomics and Proteomics in the Clinical Laboratory

5.10.1. Recent and Future Developments in Genomics and Proteomics
5.10.2. Development of New Therapeutic Strategies
5.10.3. Technical and Bioinformatics Challenges
5.10.4. Ethical and Regulatory Implications

Module 6. Multiresistant Bacteria in the Food Chain

6.1. Multiresistant Bacteria in the Food Chain

6.1.1. The Role of the Food Chain in the Spread of Antimicrobial Resistance
6.1.2. Antimicrobial Resistances in Food (ESBL, MRSA, and Colistin)
6.1.3. The Food Chain within the One Health Approach

6.2. Dissemination of Antimicrobial Resistance through Food

6.2.1. Food of Animal Origin
6.2.2. Food of Plant Origin
6.2.3. Dissemination of Resistant Bacteria through Water

6.3. Spread of Resistant Bacteria in Food Production

6.3.1. Spread of Resistant Bacteria in Food Production Environments
6.3.2. Spread of Resistant Bacteria through Food Handlers
6.3.3. Cross-Resistance between Biocides and Antibiotics

6.4. Antimicrobial Resistance in Salmonella Spp

6.4.1. AmpC-, ESBL- and Carbapenemase-Producing Salmonella Spp
6.4.2. Resistant Salmonella Spp in Humans
6.4.3. Antibiotic Resistant Salmonella Spp in Farm and Meat Animals
6.4.4. Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella Spp in Humans

6.5. Antimicrobial Resistance in Campylobacter Spp

6.5.1. Antimicrobial Resistance in Campylobacter Spp
6.5.2. Antimicrobial Resistant Campylobacter Spp in Foods
6.5.3. Multi-Drug Resistant Campylobacter Spp

6.6. Antimicrobial Resistances in Escherichia Coli

6.6.1. AmpC-, ESBL- and Carbapenemase-Producing E. Coli
6.6.2. Antimicrobial Resistant E. Coli in Farm Animals
6.6.3. Antimicrobial Resistant E. Coli in Foodstuffs
6.6.4. Multidrug-Resistant E. Coli

6.7. Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococci

6.7.1. Methicillin-Resistant S. Aureus (MRSA)
6.7.2. MRSA in Food and Farm Animals
6.7.3. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcuys Epidermidis (MRSE)
6.7.4. Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus Spp

6.8. Antimicrobial Resistance in Enterobacteria

6.8.1. Shigella Spp
6.8.2. Enterobacter Spp
6.8.3. Other Environmental Enterobacteriaceae

6.9. Antimicrobial Resistance in Other Food-Borne Pathogens

6.9.1. Listeria Monocytogenes
6.9.2. Enterococcus Spp
6.9.3. Pseudomonas Spp
6.9.4. Aeromonas Spp and Plesiomonas Spp

6.10. Strategies to Prevent and Control the Spread of Microbial Resistance in the Food Chain 

6.10.1. Preventive and Control Measures in Primary Production
6.10.2. Preventive and Control Measures in Slaughterhouses
6.10.3. Preventive and Control Measures in Food Industries

Module 7. Antimicrobial Resistance in Animal Health

7.1. Antibiotics in the Veterinary Field

7.1.1. Prescription
7.1.2. Acquisition
7.1.3. Misuse of Antibiotics

7.2. Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in the Veterinary Field

7.2.1. Causes of Bacterial Resistance in the Veterinary Field
7.2.2. Dissemination of Antibiotic Resistance Genes (ARGs), Especially through Horizontal Transmission Mediated by Plasmids
7.2.3. Mobile Colistin Resistance Gene (mcr)

7.3. Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Species of Veterinary Importance

7.3.1. Pet Pathogens
7.3.2. Cattle Pathogens
7.3.3. Pig Pathogens
7.3.4. Poultry Pathogens
7.3.5. Goat and Sheep Pathogens
7.3.6. Fish and Aquatic Animal Pathogens

7.4. Impact of Multi-Resistant Bacteria in Animal Health

7.4.1. Animal Suffering and Losses
7.4.2. Impact on Household Livelihoods
7.4.3. Generation of "Superbugs”

7.5. Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in the Environment and Wildlife

7.5.1. Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria in the Environment
7.5.2. Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria in Wildlife
7.5.3. Antimicrobial Resistant Bacteria in Marine and Inland Waters

7.6. Impact of Resistances Detected in Animals and in the Environment on Public Health 

7.6.1. Shared Antibiotics in Veterinary Medicine and Human Medicine
7.6.2. Transmission of Resistance from Animals to Humans
7.6.3. Transmission of Resistance from the Environment to Humans

7.7. Prevention and Control

7.7.1. Preventive Measures Against Bacterial Resistance in Animals
7.7.2. Systems and Processes for the Effective Use of Antibiotics
7.7.3. Role of Veterinarians and Pet Owners in the Prevention of Bacterial Resistance
7.7.4. Treatments and Alternatives to Antibiotics in Animals
7.7.5. Tools for Limiting the Emergence of Antimicrobial Resistance and its and Spread in the Environment

7.8. Strategic Plans to Reduce the Risk of Selection and Spread of Antimicrobial Resistance 

7.8.1. Monitoring and Surveillance of the Use of Critical Antibiotics
7.8.2. Training and Research
7.8.3. Communication and Prevention

7.9. One Health Strategy

7.9.1. Definition and Objectives of the One Health Strategy
7.9.2. Application of the One Health Strategy in the Control of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria
7.9.3. Success Stories Using the One Health Strategy

7.10. Climate Change and Antibiotic Resistance

7.10.1. Increase in Infectious Diseases
7.10.2. Extreme Climatic Conditions
7.10.3. Displacement of Populations

Module 8. Emerging Strategies for Multidrug Resistant Bacteria

8.1. CRISPR-Cas9 Gene Editing

8.1.1. Molecular Mechanism of Action
8.1.2. Applications

8.1.2.1. CRISPR-Cas9 as a Therapeutic Tool
8.1.2.2. Engineering of Probiotic Bacteria
8.1.2.3. Rapid Detection of Resistance
8.1.2.4. Elimination of Resistance Plasmids
8.1.2.5. Development of New Antibiotics
8.1.2.6. Safety and Stability

8.1.3. Limitations and Challenges

8.2. Temporary Collateral Sensitization (SCT)

8.2.1. Molecular Mechanism
8.2.2. Advantages and Applications of SCT
8.2.3. Limitations and Challenges

8.3. Gene Silencing

8.3.1. Molecular Mechanism
8.3.2. RNA Interference
8.3.3. Antisense Oligonucleotides
8.3.4. Benefits and Applications of Gene Silencing
8.3.5. Limitations

8.4. High-Throughput Sequencing

8.4.1. Stages of High-Throughput Sequencing
8.4.2. Bioinformatics Tools for Combating Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria
8.4.3. Challenges

8.5. Nanoparticles

8.5.1. Mechanisms of Action against Bacteria
8.5.2. Clinical Applications
8.5.3. Limitations and Challenges

8.6. Engineering of Probiotic Bacteria

8.6.1. Production of Antimicrobial Molecules
8.6.2. Bacterial Antagonism
8.6.3. Modulation of the Immune System
8.6.4. Clinical Applications

8.6.4.1. Prevention of Nosocomial Infections
8.6.4.2. Reducing the Incidence of Respiratory Infections
8.6.4.3. Adjunctive Therapy in the Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections
8.6.4.4. Prevention of Resistant Skin Infections

8.6.5. Limitations and Challenges

8.7. Antibacterial Vaccines

8.7.1. Types of Vaccines against Diseases Caused by Bacteria
8.7.2. Vaccines in Development against Major Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria
8.7.3. Challenges and Considerations

8.8. Bacteriophages

8.8.1. Mechanism of Action
8.8.2. Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages
8.8.3. Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages

8.9. Phage Therapy

8.9.1. Isolation and Transport of Bacteriophages
8.9.2. Purification and Handling of Bacteriophages in the Laboratory
8.9.3. Phenotypic and Genetic Characterisation of Bacteriophages
8.9.4. Preclinical and Clinical Trials
8.9.5. Compassionate Use of Phages and Success Stories

8.10. Antibiotic Combination Therapy

8.10.1. Mechanisms of Action
8.10.2. Efficacy and Risks
8.10.3. Challenges and Constraints
8.10.4. Combined Antibiotic and Phage Therapy

Module 9. New Antimicrobial Molecules

9.1. New Antimicrobial Molecules

9.1.1. The Need for New Antimicrobial Molecules
9.1.2. Impact of New Molecules on Antimicrobial Resistance
9.1.3. Challenges and Opportunities in the Development of New Antimicrobial Molecules

9.2. Methods of Discovery of New Antimicrobial Molecules

9.2.1. Traditional Discovery Approaches
9.2.2. Advances in Screening Technology
9.2.3. Rational Drug Design Strategies
9.2.4. Biotechnology and Functional Genomics
9.2.5. Other Innovative Approaches

9.3. New Penicillins: New Drugs, their Future Role in Anti-Infective Therapeutics

9.3.1. Classification
9.3.2. Mechanism of Action
9.3.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum
9.3.4. Therapeutic Uses
9.3.5. Adverse Effects
9.3.6. Presentation and Dosage

9.4. Cephalosporins

9.4.1. Classification
9.4.2. Mechanism of Action
9.4.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum
9.4.4. Therapeutic Uses
9.4.5. Adverse Effects
9.4.6. Presentation and Dosage

9.5. Carbapenemics and Monobactams

9.5.1. Classification
9.5.2. Mechanism of Action
9.5.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum
9.5.4. Therapeutic Uses
9.5.5. Adverse Effects
9.5.6. Presentation and Dosage

9.6. Cyclic Glycopeptides and Lipopeptides

9.6.1. Classification
9.6.2. Mechanism of Action
9.6.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum
9.6.4. Therapeutic Uses
9.6.5. Adverse Effects
9.6.6. Presentation and Dosage

9.7. Macrolides, Ketolides and Tetracyclines

9.7.1. Classification
9.7.2. Mechanism of Action
9.7.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum
9.7.4. Therapeutic Uses
9.7.5. Adverse Effects
9.7.6. Presentation and Dosage

9.8. Aminoglycosides and Quinolones

9.8.1. Classification
9.8.2. Mechanism of Action
9.8.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum
9.8.4. Therapeutic Uses
9.8.5. Adverse Effects
9.8.6. Presentation and Dosage

9.9. Lincosamides, Streptogramins and Oxazolidinones

9.9.1. Classification
9.9.2. Mechanism of Action
9.9.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum
9.9.4. Therapeutic Uses
9.9.5. Adverse Effects
9.9.6. Presentation and Dosage

9.10. Rifamycins and other Developmental Antimicrobial Molecules

9.10.1. Rifamycins: Classification

9.10.1.2. Mechanism of Action
9.10.1.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum
9.10.1.4. Therapeutic Uses
9.10.1.5. Adverse Effects
9.10.1.6. Presentation and Dosage

9.10.2. Antibiotics of Natural Origin
9.10.3. Synthetic Antimicrobial Agents
9.10.4. Antimicrobial Peptides
9.10.5. Antimicrobial Nanoparticles

Module 10. Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

10.1. Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

10.1.1. Current Expectation of AI in Clinical Microbiology
10.1.2. Emerging Areas Interrelated to AI
10.1.3. Transversality of AI

10.2. Artificial Intelligence (AI) Techniques and other Complementary Technologies applied to Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 

10.2.1. AI Logic and Models
10.2.2. Technologies for AI

10.2.2.1. Machine Learning
10.2.2.2. Deep Learning
10.2.2.3. Data Science and Big Data

10.3. Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Microbiology

10.3.1. AI in Microbiology: History and Evolution
10.3.2. AI Technologies that can be Used in Microbiology
10.3.3. Research Objectives of AI in Microbiology

10.3.3.1. Understanding Bacterial Diversity
10.3.3.2. Exploring Bacterial Physiology
10.3.3.3. Investigation of Bacterial Pathogenicity
10.3.3.4. Epidemiological Monitoring
10.3.3.5. Development of Antimicrobial Therapies
10.3.3.6. Microbiology in Industry and Biotechnology

10.4. Classification and Identification of Bacteria using Artificial Intelligence (AI)

10.4.1. Machine Learning Techniques for Bacterial Identification
10.4.2. Taxonomy of Multi-Resistant Bacteria using AI
10.4.3. Practical Implementation of AI in Clinical and Research Laboratories in Microbiology

10.5. Bacterial Protein Decoding

10.5.1. AI Algorithms and Models for Protein Structure Prediction
10.5.2. Applications in the Identification and Understanding of Resistance Mechanisms
10.5.3. Practical Application AlphaFold and Rosetta

10.6. Decoding the Genome of Multi-Resistant Bacteria

10.6.1. Identification of Resistance Genes
10.6.2. Genomic Big Data Analysis: AI-Assisted Sequencing of Bacterial Genomes 
10.6.3. Practical Application Identification of Resistance Genes

10.7. Artificial Intelligence (AI) Strategies in Microbiology and Public Health

10.7.1. Infectious Outbreak Management
10.7.2. Epidemiological Monitoring
10.7.3. AI for Personalized Treatments

10.8. Artificial Intelligence (AI) to Combat Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria

10.8.1. Optimizing Antibiotic Use
10.8.2. Predictive Models for the Evolution of Antimicrobial Resistance
10.8.3. Targeted Therapy Based on Development of New Antibiotics by IA

10.9. Future of Artificial Intelligence in Microbiology

10.9.1. Synergies between Microbiology and IA
10.9.2. Lines of AI Implementation in Microbiology
10.9.3. Long-Term Vision of the Impact of AI in the Fight against Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria

10.10. Technical and Ethical Challenges in the Implementation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Microbiology 

10.10.1. Legal Considerations
10.10.2. Ethical and Liability Considerations
10.10.3. Barriers to AI Implementation

10.10.3.1. Technical Barriers
10.10.3.2. Social Barriers
10.10.3.3. Economic Barriers
10.10.3.4. Cybersecurity

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