The knowledge acquired through this program provides the student with a comprehensive, practical and updated education in a discipline that is fundamental in the practice of the veterinary profession"

Quality-based internal medicine allows for work to be combined with other specialties, which is often a high priority, given that a large number of pathologies result in Cardiorespiratory, Oncological and Neurological Pathologies in Small Animals manifestations, among many others.

The Cardiorespiratory, Oncological and Neurological Pathologies in Small Animals often suffer from alterations that, if poorly diagnosed or treated, can be life-threatening. This makes the study and comprehension of the behavior of these systems play a relevant role in small animal veterinary clinics, as does the management of various related pathologies.

Likewise, neurological alterations in companion animals are a very frequent reason for consultation Due to the great variety of clinical manifestations that can emerge, it is crucial to know how to perform a correct neurological examination in order to verify that it is in fact a neurological problem.

On the other hand, cancer treatments for animals do not always offer possibilities for a cure; however, the veterinarian must be aware of the therapeutic options available for consideration. Neoplastic diseases are increasingly being considered as chronic. That is why early and accurate identification or diagnosis of an animal with cancer is essential, especially as prognosis varies significantly.

This program will explain how to interpret the clinical signs of patients and how to make a systematic, evidence-based diagnosis in which value is given both to diagnostic tests as well as the veterinarian's knowledge of the corresponding interpretation and correlation with clinical signs.

The teaching staff of this Postgraduate diploma Degree is made up of specialists from within different areas of internal medicine with extensive clinical experience. Several of these faculty members have received accreditation as specialists in different fields such as cardiology, ophthalmology, diagnostic imaging, dermatology and oncology, and have collaborated together in veterinary specialty centers. In addition to providing quality clinical work, some of these experts actively participate in various research projects parallel to their teaching and clinical activities.

Each topic is accompanied by clinical cases that aim to incorporate the knowledge conveyed and includes activities that will allow students to assess their progress"

This Postgraduate diploma in Cardiorespiratory, Oncological and Neurological Pathologies in Small Animals contains the most complete and up-to-date educational program on the market. Its most important features include:

• Case studies presented by experts in Cardiorespiratory, Oncological and Neurological Pathologies in Small Animals
• Graphic, schematic, and practical contents to provide scientific and practical information on those disciplines that are essential for professional development
• Latest developments in Cardiorespiratory, Oncological and Neurological Pathologies in Small Animals
• Practical exercises where the self-assessment process can be carried out to improve learning
• Special focus on innovative methodologies in Cardiorespiratory, Oncological and Neurological Pathologies in Small Animals
• Theoretical lessons, questions to the expert, debate forums on controversial topics, and individual reflection work
• Content that is accessible from any fixed or portable device with an Internet connection

Upon completion of the program, students will have obtained knowledge that is essential for professional practice, whether they choose to exercise in a clinical, academic or research context" 

It includes, in its Teaching staff, Professionals belonging to the veterinary field, who pour into this training the experience of their work, in addition to recognized Specialists from Reference Societies and Prestigious Universities.

The multimedia content, developed with the latest educational technology, will provide the professional with situated and contextual learning, i.e., a simulated environment that will provide immersive learning programmed to train in real situations.

This program is designed around Problem-Based Learning, whereby the professional must try to solve the different professional practice situations that arise throughout the program. For this purpose, the professional will be assisted by an innovative interactive video system created by renowned and experienced experts in Postgraduate diploma in Cardiorespiratory, Oncological and Neurological Pathologies in Small Animals.

Combine your studies with professional work while increasing your knowledge in this field with this highly rigorous scientific training"

Specialize in a sector with a strong demand for professionals with this high-level program designed by experts in the field"

The syllabus has been designed by the best professionals in the field of Cardiorespiratory, Oncological and Neurological Pathologies in Small Animals, who have extensive experience and recognized prestige in the profession, are backed by the volume of cases reviewed, studied, and diagnosed, and possess extensive knowledge of new technologies applied to veterinary medicine.

We have the most complete and up-to-date academic program in the market. We strive for excellence and for you to achieve it too"

Module 1. Cardiorespiratory Disorders

1.1. Cardiorespiratory Physiology

1.1.1. Cardiovascular System Physiology
1.1.2. Physiology of the Respiratory System
1.1.3. Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

1.2. Cardiorespiratory System Examination

1.2.1. Anamnesis and Physical Examination
1.2.2. Palpation of Femoral Pulse
1.2.3. Respiratory Pattern
1.2.4. Cardiac Auscultation
1.2.5. Pulmonary auscultation

1.3. Thoracic Radiography I

1.3.1. Fundamentals of Thoracic Radiology
1.3.2. Interstitial Pattern
1.3.3. Alveolar Pattern
1.3.4. Bronchial Pattern
1.3.5. Vascular and Mixed Pattern
1.3.6. Cardiac Silhouette Assessment
1.3.7. VHS, VLAS and other Cardiac Measurements in Thoracic Radiography

1.4. Electrocardiography 

1.4.1. Guidelines for Electrocardiographic Interpretation
1.4.2. Tachyarrhythmias
1.4.3. Bradyarrhythmias and Conduction Disturbances

1.5. Echocardiography 

1.5.1. Fundamentals of Echocardiography
1.5.2. Echocardiographic Anatomy (B-mode and M-mode)
1.5.3. Pulsed, Continuous, Color, and Tissue Doppler

1.6. Diagnostic Tests of the Respiratory System

1.6.1. Rhinoscopy and Pharyngoscopy
1.6.2. Bronchoscopy
1.6.3. Pulmonary CT 

1.7. Cardiovascular Diseases I

1.7.1. Chronic Degenerative Mitral and Tricuspid Valve Disease
1.7.2. Canine and Feline Dilated Cardiomyopathy
1.7.3. Canine and Feline Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
1.7.4. Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
1.7.5. Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy

1.8. Cardiovascular Diseases II

1.8.1. Pulmonary Stenosis
1.8.2. Subaortic Stenosis
1.8.3. Patent Ductus Arteriosus 
1.8.4. Valvular Dysplasia
1.8.5. Tetralogy of Fallot
1.8.6. Systemic and Pulmonary Hypertension
1.8.7. Management of Congestive Heart Failure

1.9. Respiratory Diseases I

1.9.1. Rhinitis and Brachiocephalic Syndrome 
1.9.2. Tracheal Stenosis
1.9.3. Chronic Bronchitis and Feline Asthma 
1.9.4. Pneumonias 
1.9.5. Pulmonary Fibrosis 
1.9.6. Pulmonary Neoplasms

1.10. Respiratory Diseases II 

1.10.1. Diseases of the Pleura and Pleural Space 
1.10.2. Dirofilariasis and Pulmonary Thromboembolism
1.10.3. Management Dyspneic Patients 

Module 2. Oncology

2.1. Approach to Patients with Cancer

2.1.1. Oncology Patient and Owner
2.1.2. Paraneoplastic Syndromes
2.1.3. Types of Treatment Response

2.2. Diagnosis and Staging of Cancer Patients

2.2.1. Diagnostic Methods
2.2.2. Clinical Staging

2.3. Diagnostic Cytology and Biopsy Collection

2.3.1. Obtaining and Handling Cytological Sample
2.3.2. Cytological Interpretation
2.3.3. Cytology of Inflammatory and Hyperplastic Lesions
2.3.4. Cytology of Neoplasms and Criteria for Malignancy
2.3.5. Tumors of Epithelial Origin
2.3.6. Tumors of Conjunctival Origin
2.3.7. Round Cell Tumours
2.3.8. Biopsy Techniques

2.4. Principles of Anti-Tumor Therapy

2.4.1. Surgery
2.4.2. Indications and Uses of Chemotherapy
2.4.3. Main Chemotherapeutic Drugs
2.4.4. Dosage, Administration Rates and Development of Resistance
2.4.5. Toxicity for the Patient
2.4.6. Management of Cytotoxic Agents
2.4.7. Metronomic Chemotherapy
2.4.8. Electrochemotherapy
2.4.9. Other Treatment Options I: Radiotherapy
2.4.10. Other Treatment Options II: Immunotherapy

2.5. Soft Tissue Sarcomas: Hemangiosarcoma, SAPI

2.5.1. Major Clinical and Pathological Aspects of Hemangiosarcoma
2.5.2. Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines for Hemangiosarcoma
2.5.3. Feline Hemangiosarcoma
2.5.4. Major Clinical and Pathological Aspects of SAPI
2.5.5. Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines for SAPI

2.6. Skin Neoplasms: Mastocytoma

2.6.1. Major Clinical and Pathological Aspects of Mastocytoma
2.6.2. Histological Grades
2.6.3. Keys to Mastocytoma Diagnosis and Treatment
2.6.4. Feline Mastocytoma

2.7. Breast Neoplasia

2.7.1. Major Clinical and Pathological Aspects in Bitches
2.7.2. Major Clinical and Pathological Aspects in Female Cats
2.7.3. Diagnostic Protocol and Clinical Staging in Bitches
2.7.4. Diagnostic Protocol and Clinical Staging in Female Cats
2.7.5. Treatment Guidelines for Bitches
2.7.6. Treatment Guidelines for Female Cats
2.7.7. Inflammatory Carcinoma

2.8. Hemolymphoid Neoplasms: Leukemia and Lymphoma

2.8.1. Major Clinical and Pathological Aspects of Canine Lymphoma
2.8.2. Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines for Canine Lymphoma
2.8.3. Major Clinical and Pathological Aspects of Feline Lymphoma
2.8.4. Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines for Feline Lymphoma
2.8.5. Acute Leukemia: Diagnosis and Treatment
2.8.6. Chronic Leukemia: Diagnosis and Treatment

2.9. Other Major Neoplasms in Dogs and Cats

2.9.1. Osteosarcoma
2.9.2. Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)
2.9.3. Melanoma
2.9.4. Gastrointestinal Tumors

2.10. Oncologic Emergencies

2.10.1. Hypercalcemia
2.10.2. Hypoglycemia
2.10.3. Febrile Neutropenia
2.10.4. Tumor Lysis Syndrome
2.10.5. Hyperviscosity Syndrome

Module 3. Neurology

3.1. Neuroanatomy

3.1.1. CNS 
3.1.2. SNP

3.2. Neurological Examination I

3.2.1. State of Mind
3.2.2. Posture and Gait
3.2.3. Cranial Nerves
3.2.4. Postural Reactions
3.2.5. Spinal Reflexes

3.3. Neurological Examination II

3.3.1. Lower and Upper Motor Neurons
3.3.2. Paresis and Ataxia
3.3.3. Reflex vs. Reaction
3.3.4. Neuro-Ophthalmology I
3.3.5. Neuro-Ophthalmology II 

3.4. Localization of Lesion (Neurolocalization)

3.4.1. Where is the Lesion?
3.4.2. Intracranial vs. Extracranial
3.4.3. Intracranial: Anterior Encephalon, Brainstem, Vestibular System and Cerebellum
3.4.4. Extracranial: Spinal Cord, PNS and Muscle

3.5. Differential Diagnosis (Vitamin D)

3.5.1. Vascular
3.5.2. Inflammatory/Infectious
3.5.3. Traumatologic/Toxic
3.5.4. Congenital Abnormalities
3.5.5. Metabolic
3.5.6. Idiopathic
3.5.7. Neoplasic
3.5.8. Degenerative

3.6. Diagnostic Techniques

3.6.1. Blood and Urine Tests
3.6.2. Serum Titrations
3.6.3. LCR
3.6.4. Imaging Tests: Rx, Tc and Rm
3.6.5. Electrodiagnostic Testing

3.7. Epilepsy and Seizures

3.7.1. Introduction and Pathophysiology
3.7.2. Clinical Signs and Classification
3.7.3. Diagnostic Protocol 
3.7.4. Crisis Treatment 
3.7.5. Status Epilepticus

3.8. Cranioencephalic Trauma

3.8.1. Pathophysiology
3.8.2. Clinical symptoms
3.8.3. Diagnostic Protocol
3.8.4. Treatment
3.8.5. Prognosis

3.9. Neuromuscular Debility

3.9.1. Botulism
3.9.2. Myasthenia Gravis
3.9.3. Polyradiculoneuritis

3.10. Vestibular Syndrome

3.10.1. Anatomy
3.10.2. Clinical Signs (Central vs. Peripheral)
3.10.3. Vestibular System Pathologies
3.10.4. Diagnosis
3.10.5. Treatment

This program allows you to combine your professional and work activities so that you can advance your career in a comfortable and practical way"