You will learn about all the advances in Voice Therapy n order to become a specialized physician especializado capable of applying the latest techniques with each patient” 

Within the field of speech therapy neurorehabilitation and the analysis of vital functions related to speech, breathing and swallowing, orofacial myofunctional therapy is one of the most widely used, due to the remarkable benefits it brings to patients. It must be taken into account that when a person is affected by a condition of this type, it is necessary to carry out a multidisciplinary work, which includes the vision of doctors, rehabilitators, maxillofacial surgeons, stomatologists, neurologists, psychopedagogists, among others. In this case, this TECH Hybrid Master's Degree is intended specifically for doctors, who will be able to get up to date with the latest techniques for the diagnosis and treatment of these disorders. 

Specifically, this discipline is responsible for the prevention, assessment, diagnosis and intervention in orofacial alterations or dysfunctions at the anatomical and functional level of the stomatognathic system. These can intervene in the development of basic functions, such as chewing, swallowing, sucking or breathing, so the muscular structures that intervene synergistically in each of these functions are treated simultaneously.

 Therefore, the syllabus covers all those issues that physicians must handle in order to offer a more personalized care, focusing on the patient and their needs. 

In this way, the syllabus deals with the basic fundamentals of neuroanatomy, up to speech therapy. It will delve into voice physiology and voice rehabilitation, orofacial myofunctional therapy and early care. In addition, it will study dysphagia of neurological origin, dentistry and orofacial disorder, as well as the alteration of feeding caused by this type of orofacial problems. A complete program that will provide the physician with the necessary knowledge for a quality practice. 

In addition, renowned International Guest Directors will deliver groundbreaking Masterclasses that will provide graduates with advanced clinical skills.

Make the most of this opportunity to surround yourself with expert professionals and learn from their work methodology"

This Hybrid Master's Degree in Voice Therapy contains the most complete and up-to-date scientific program on the market. Its most notable features are:

• Development of more than 100 clinical cases presented by professionals in speech therapy neurorehabilitation and university professors with extensive experience in patients with orofacial dysfunctions. 
• Its graphic, schematic and eminently practical contents provide scientific and assistance information on those medical disciplines that are essential for professional practice. 
• An algorithm-based interactive learning system for decision-making in the clinical situations presented throughout the course. 
• Practical guidelines on the approach to cases related to speech therapy neurorehabilitation. 
• Its special emphasis on evidence-based medicine and research methodologies in Voice Therapy. 
• Theoretical lessons, questions to the expert, debate forums on controversial topics, and individual reflection assignments 
• Content that is accessible from any fixed or portable device with an Internet connection 
• The completion of a clinical internship in one of the best hospitals in the country. 

Take an intensive 3-week internship in a prestigious center, where you can learn from the leading experts in the field" 

All of this will be complemented by theoretical lessons, questions to the expert, debate forums on controversial topics, and individual reflection assignments Content that is accessible from any fixed or portable device with an Internet connection 
Furthermore, you will be able to carry out a clinical internship in one of the best hospital centers In this Hybrid Master's Degree, of a professionalizing nature and blended learning modality, the program is aimed at updating the knowledge of physicians in an area of great relevance such as Voice Therapy. The contents are based on the latest scientific evidence, and oriented in a didactic way to integrate theoretical knowledge in the research practice. Likewise, the theoretical-practical elements will facilitate the updating of knowledge and will allow effective decision making in environments of great responsibility. 

Thanks to its multimedia content elaborated with the latest educational technology, it will allow the healthcare professional a situated and contextual learning, that is to say, a simulated environment that will provide an immersive learning programmed to prepare them for real situations. The design of this program is based on Problem-Based Learning, by means of which they will have to try to solve the different professional practice situations that will arise throughout the program. To do so, they will be assisted by an innovative interactive video system created by recognized experts.

Specialize in Voice Therapy with this program and make your patients improve considerably"

Your clinic will become a reference in speech therapy neurorehabilitation thanks to your higher qualification in this field"

The syllabus of this Hybrid Master's Degree covers all those issues that the physician must control in order to offer the most appropriate speech therapy rehabilitation to each patient, taking into account the problems related to vital functions such as breathing, speech or swallowing. In this way, the program focuses on orofacial and myofunctional therapy, early care, neuroanatomy and dentistry, among other aspects related to this subject. 

A 100% online syllabus, adapted to your needs, so that you can learn the new techniques in Voice Therapy and be able to apply them to your patients with confidence” 

Module 1. Anatomical, Physiological and Biomechanical Fundamentals of the Voice

 1.1. Laryngeal Phylogeny and Embryology
 

1.1.1.  Laryngeal Phylogeny
 1.1.2.  Laryngeal Embryology

 1.2. Basic Concepts of Physiology

 1.2.1.  Muscle Tissue
 1.2.2.  Types of Muscle Fibers

 1.3. Respiratory System Structures

 1.3.1.  Chest
 1.3.2.  Airways

 1.4. Respiratory System Musculature

 1.4.1.  Inspiratory Muscles
 1.4.2.  Expiratory Muscles

 1.5. Respiratory System Physiology

 1.5.1.  Respiratory System Function
 1.5.2.  Lung Capacities and Volumes
 1.5.3.  Lung Nervous System
 1.5.4.  Resting Breathing vs. Breathing in Phonation

 1.6. Laryngeal Anatomy and Physiology

 1.6.1.  Laryngeal Skeleton
 1.6.2.  Laryngeal Cartilages
 1.6.3.  Ligaments and Membranes
 1.6.4.  Joints
 1.6.5.  Musculature
 1.6.6.  Vascularization
 1.6.7.  Laryngeal Innervation
 1.6.8.  Lymphatic System

 1.7. Structure and Function of the Vocal Cords

 1.7.1.  Histology of the Vocal Cords
 1.7.2.  Biomechanical Properties of the Vocal Cords
 1.7.3.  Phases of the Vibration Cycle
 1.7.4.  Fundamental Frequency

 1.8. Anatomy and Physiology of the Vocal Tract

 1.8.1.  Nasal Cavity
 1.8.2.  Oral Cavity
 1.8.3.  Laryngeal Cavity
 1.8.4.  Linear and Non-Linear Source and Filter Theory

 1.9. Voice Production Theory

 1.9.1.  Historical Recap
 1.9.2.  Edald's Primitive Myoelastic Theory
 1.9.3.  Husson's Neuro-Chronaxial Theory
 1.9.4.  Completed Mucoondulatory Theory and Aerodynamic Theory
 1.9.5.  Neurooscillatory Theory
 1.9.6.  Oscillo-Impedial Theory
 1.9.7.  Mass-Spring Models

 1.10. The Physiology of Phonation

 1.10.1.  Neurological Control of Phonation
 1.10.2.  Pressure
 1.10.3.  Thresholds
 1.10.4.  Beginnings and Endings of the Vibration Cycle
 1.10.5.  Laryngeal Adjustments for Phonation

Module 2. Objective Evaluation of the Voice

 2.1. Morphofunctional Evaluation

 2.1.1.  Indirect Laryngoscopy
 2.1.2.  Nasofibrolaryngoscopy
 2.1.3.  Telelaryngoscopy
 2.1.4.  Stroboscopy
 2.1.5.  Videochemography

 2.2. Electroglottography

 2.2.1.  Equipment
 2.2.2.  Use
 2.2.3.  Electroglottographic Parameters
 2.2.4.  Interpreting Results

2.3. Aerodynamic Measurements

 2.3.1.  Equipment
 2.3.2.  Use
 2.3.3.  Aerodynamic Parameters
 2.3.4.  Interpreting Results

 2.4. Electromyography

 2.4.1.  What is an EMG
 2.4.2.  Indicated Pathologies
 2.4.3.  Procedure
 2.4.4.  Interpreting Results

 2.5. Video Chemography

 2.5.1.  What is an VKG
 2.5.2.  Interpreting Results

 2.6. Physical Aspects of the Voice

 2.6.1.  Types of Waves
 2.6.2.  Amplitude
 2.6.3.  Frequency (F)
 2.6.4.  Time

 2.7. Acoustic Aspects of Voice

 2.7.1.  Intensity
 2.7.2.  Pitch
 2.7.3.  Duration
 2.7.4.  Quality

 2.8. Acoustic Analysis of Voice

 2.8.1.  Fundamental Frequency
 2.8.2.  Harmonics
 2.8.3.  Formants
 2.8.4.  Speech Acoustics
 2.8.5.  The Spectrogram
 2.8.6.  Disturbance Measures
 2.8.7.  Noise Measures
 2.8.8.  Voice Equipment/Laboratory
 2.8.9.  Gathering Samples
 2.8.10  Interpreting Results

Module 3. Functional Evaluation of the Voice

 3.1. Perceptual Assessment
 

3.1.1.  GRBAS
 3.1.2.  RASAT
 3.1.3.  GBR Score
 3.1.4.  CAPE-V
 3.1.5.  VPAS

 3.2. Assessment of Vocal Function

 3.2.1.  Fundamental Frequency
 3.2.2.  Phonetogram
 3.2.3.  Maximum Phonatory Times
 3.2.4.  Velo-Palatine Efficiency
 3.2.5.  VHI

 3.3. Medical History

 3.3.1.  The Importance of Medical History
 3.3.2.  Characteristics of the Initial Interview
 3.3.3.  Medical History Sections and Voice Implications
 3.3.4.  Proposal of a Model of Anamnesis for Vocal Pathology

 3.4. Body Assessment

 3.4.1.  Introduction
 3.4.2.  Posture

 3.4.2.1. Ideal or Correct Posture

 3.4.3.  Voice-Posture Relationship
 3.4.4.  Posture Assessment

 3.5. Respiratory Assessment

 3.5.1.  Respiratory Function
 3.5.2.  Breathing-Voice Relationship
 3.5.3.  Aspects to Assess

 3.6. Assessment of the Stomatognathic System

 3.6.1.  Stomatognathic System
 3.6.2.  Relationships Between the Stomatognathic System and Voice Production
 3.6.3.  Assessment

3.7. Assessing Vocal Function

3.7.1.  Vocal Quality
3.7.2.  High Quality Voice vs. Low Quality Voice
3.7.3.  Vocal Quality Assessment in Voice Professionals

3.8. Software for Assessing Vocal Function

3.8.1.  Introduction
3.8.2.  Free Software
3.8.3.  Payment Software

3.9. Materials to Collect Information and Assess Vocal Function

3.9.1.  Medical History
3.9.2.  Reading text for Speech Sample Collection in Spanish
3.9.3.  Perceptual Assessment (After Medical History and Anamnesis)
3.9.4.  Self-Assessment
3.9.5.  Assessing Vocal Function
3.9.6.  Respiratory Assessment
3.9.7.  Stomatognathic Assessment
3.9.8.  Posture Assessment
3.9.9.  Acoustic Analysis of Vocal Quality

Module 4. Normal Voice vs. Pathological Voice

4.1. Normal Voice and Pathological Voice

4.1.1.  Euphonia vs. Dysphonia
4.1.2.  Types of Voices

4.2. Vocal Fatigue

4.2.1.  Introduction

4.2.1.1. Advice to Prevent Vocal Fatigue

4.2.2.  Synthesis

4.3. Acoustic Signs of Dysphonia

4.3.1.  First Signs
4.3.2.  Acoustic Features
4.3.3.  Levels of Severity

4.4. Functional Dysphonias

4.4.1.  Type I: Isometric Laryngeal Disorder
4.4.2.  Type II: Glottic and Supraglottic Lateral Contraction
4.4.3.  Type III: Anteroposterior Supraglottic Contraction
4.4.4.  Type IV: Conversion Aphonia/Dysphonia
4.4.5.  Transitional Adolescent Dysphonia

4.5. Psychogenic Dysphonia

4.5.1.  Definition
4.5.2.  Patient Characteristics
4.5.3.  Signs of Psychogenic Dysphonia and Voice Characteristics
4.5.4.  Clinical Forms
4.5.5.  Diagnosis and Treatment of Psychogenic Dysphonia
4.5.6.  Synthesis

4.6. Transitional Adolescent Dysphonia

4.6.1.  Vocal Changes
4.6.2.  Concept of Adolescent Transitional Dysphonia
4.6.3.  Treatment
4.6.4.  Synthesis

4.7. Dysphonia due to Congenital Organic Lesions

4.7.1.  Introduction
4.7.2.  Intrachordal Epidermal Cyst
4.7.3.  Sulcus Vocalis
4.7.4.  Mucosal Bridge
4.7.5.  Vergeture
4.7.6.  Microsinequias
4.7.7.  Laryngomalacia
4.7.8.  Synthesis

4.8. Acquired Organic Dysphonias

4.8.1.  Introduction
4.8.2.  Dysphonias of Neurological Origin

4.8.2.1. Peripheral Laryngeal Paralysis
4.8.2.2. Upper Motor Neuron Disorders
4.8.2.3. Extrapyramidal Alterations
4.8.2.4. Cerebellar Alterations
4.8.2.5. Lower Motor Neuron Disorders
4.8.2.6. Other Alterations

4.8.3.  Organic Dysphonias of Acquired Origin

Module 5. Medical-Surgical Treatments of Vocal Pathologies

 5.1. Phonosurgery
 

5.1.1.  Flush Section
 5.1.2.  Cordotomies
 5.1.3.  Injection Techniques

 5.2. Laryngeal Surgery

 5.2.1.  Thyroplasties
 5.2.2.  Laryngeal Neurosurgery
 5.2.3.  Surgery in Malignant Laryngeal Pathologies

 5.3. Medication in Dysphonia

 5.3.1.  Medication to Regularize Respiratory Aspects
 5.3.2.  Medication to Regularize Digestive Aspects
 5.3.3.  Medication to Regulate the Non-Autonomous Nervous System
 5.3.4.  Types of Medication

 Module 6. Speech Therapy for Voice Disorders

6.1. The Importance of the Multidisciplinary Team in the Approach to Treatment
 

6.1.1.  Introduction
 6.1.2.  Teamwork
 6.1.2.1. Characteristics of Multidisciplinary Work
 6.1.3. Multidisciplinary Work in the Treatment of Vocal Pathology

 6.2. Indications and Restrictions of Speech Therapy Treatment

 6.2.1.  Prevalence of Vocal Disorders
 6.2.2.  Treatment Indications
 6.2.3.  Treatment Limitations and Restrictions
 6.2.4.  Adherence to Treatment

 6.3. General Intervention Objectives

 6.3.1.  The General Objectives of All Vocal Work
 6.3.2.  How to Meet the General Objectives?

 6.4. Muscle Conditioning

 6.4.1.  Voice as a Muscle Activity
 6.4.2.  General Aspects of Training
 6.4.3.  Principles of Training

 6.5. Respiratory Conditioning

 6.5.1.  Justifying Respiratory Work in Voice Therapy
 6.5.2.  Methodology
 6.5.3.  Static Exercises With Facilitating Postures
 6.5.4.  Semisupine
 6.5.5.  Neutral or Monkey Position
 6.5.6.  Dynamic Exercises With Facilitating Postures

 6.6. Hygiene Therapy

 6.6.1.  Introduction
 6.6.2.  Harmful Habits and Their Effects on the Voice
 6.6.3.  Preventive Measures

 6.7. Confidential Voice Therapy

 6.7.1.  History of the Method
 6.7.2.  Foundation and Principles
 6.7.3.  Therapy Uses

 6.8. Resonance Voice Therapy

 6.8.1.  Description of the Method
 6.8.2.  Laryngeal Behavior
 6.8.3.  Uses and Benefits

 6.9.  Accent Method

 6.9.1.  Introduction
 6.9.2. Justification of the Method
 6.9.3.   Methodology

 6.10. Vocal Function Exercises

 6.10.1.  Introduction
 6.10.2.  Justification
 6.10.3.  Methodology

 6.11. Fluid Phonation

 6.11.1.  Introduction
 6.11.2.  Justification
 6.11.3.  Methodology

 6.12. Lee Silverman LSVT

 6.12.1.  Introduction
 6.12.2.  Justification
 6.12.3.  Methodology

 6.13. Physiological Therapy

 6.13.1.  Justification
 6.13.2.  Physiological Objectives
 6.13.3.  Education

 6.14. Semi-occluded Vocal Tract Exercises

 6.14.1.  Introduction
 6.14.2.  Justification
 6.14.3.  Semi-Occluded Vocal Tract (SOVT)

 6.15. Manual Laryngeal Massage

 6.15.1.  Introduction
 6.15.2.  Manual Circumlaryngeal Therapy
 6.15.3.  Laryngeal Massage Technique
 6.15.4.  Introduction to Functional and Structural Techniques

 6.15.4.1. Jones Technique for the Suprahyoid Muscles
 6.15.4.2. Functional Hyoid Bone Technique
 6.15.4.3. Functional Technique for Tongue and Hyoid Bone
 6.15.4.4. Functional Technique for the Tongue
 6.15.4.5. Technique for Maxillopharyngeal Fasciae

 6.16. Facilitating Techniques

 6.16.1.  Introduction
 6.16.2.  Description of Facilitating Techniques

 6.17. Estill Voice Training

 6.17.1.  Jo Estill and the Creation of the Model
 6.17.2.  Principles of Estill Voice Training
 6.17.3.  Description

 6.18. PROEL Method

 6.18.1.  Introduction
 6.18.2.  Principles
 6.18.3.  Curiosities

 6.19. NEIRA Method

 6.19.1.  Introduction
 6.19.2.  Concept of Euphony
 6.19.3.  Objectives of the Method
 6.19.4.  Body-Vocal Scaffolding

 6.19.4.1. Body Work
 6.19.4.2. Respiratory Attitude
 6.19.4.3. Resonance Work
 6.19.4.4. Vocal Work
 6.19.4.5. Emotional Work

 6.20. Body, Voice and Movement

 6.20.1.  Introduction and Justification
 6.20.2.  Techniques That Incorporate Movement Into Their Programs
 6.20.3.  Examples

 6.21. Elastic Bandages

 6.21.1.  History
 6.21.2.  Bandage Characteristics
 6.21.3.  Effects
 6.21.4.  Contraindications
 6.21.5.  Techniques

6.21.5.1 Uses in the Voice

6.22. Electrostimulation

 6.22.1.  Introduction
 6.22.2.  Justification
 6.22.3.  Methodology

 6.23. Low-Power Laser

 6.23.1.  History
 6.23.2.  Physical Concepts
 6.23.3.  Classification of the Types of Laser
 6.23.4.  Effects of Lasers and Their Interaction With Tissues
 6.23.5.  Safety Measures and Contraindications
 6.23.6.  Use of Lasers in the Prevention and Treatment of Voice Disorders

 Module 7. Speech Therapy for Pathologies

7.1. Speech Therapy in Functional Dysphonias
 

7.1.1.  Type I: Isometric Laryngeal Disorder
 7.1.2.  Type II: Glottic and Supraglottic Lateral Contraction
 7.1.3.  Type III: Anteroposterior Supraglottic Contraction
 7.1.4.  Type IV: Conversion Aphonia/Dysphonia
 7.1.5.  Psychogenic Dysphonia with Arched Vocal Cords
 7.1.6.  Transitional Adolescent Dysphonia

 7.2. Speech Therapy in Organic Origin Dysphonias

 7.2.1.  Speech Therapy in Congenital Origin Dysphonias
 7.2.2.  Speech Therapy in Acquired Origin Dysphonias

 7.3. Speech Therapy in Organic-Functional Origin Dysphonias

 7.3.1.  Nodes
 7.3.2.  Polyps
 7.3.3.  Mucous Cysts
 7.3.4.  Others

 7.4. Post-Laryngectomy Rehabilitation

 7.4.1.  Types of Prosthesis
 7.4.2.  The Esophageal Voice: Murmurs, Esophageal Sound, Learning Sequence, Characteristics of the Esophageal Voice
 7.4.3.  Tracheoesophageal Voice
 7.4.4.  The Voice in Patients with Prostheses

 7.5. Treating the Voice in Gender Change

 7.5.1.  Initial Considerations
 7.5.2.  Voice Masculinization Objectives
 7.5.3.  Voice Feminization Objectives
 7.5.4.  Acoustic Aspects of Voice Accommodation: Vocal String Body and Cover, Fundamental Frequency, Resonance, and Timbre
 7.5.5.  Suprasegmental Aspects of Speech

Module 8. The Professional Use of the Spoken Voice

8.1. Risk Factors in Voice Professionals
 

8.1.1.  Overview
 8.1.2.  High School
 8.1.3.  Participants
 8.1.4.  Dubbing
 8.1.5.  Broadcasters
 8.1.6.  Telephone Operators
 8.1.7.  Hygienic Measures Plan for Vocal Care

 8.2. Bases and Objectives of Vocal Training

 8.2.1.  Physiological Basis of the Spoken Voice
 8.2.2.  Objectives of Vocal Training in Healthy Voices

 8.3. Flexibility

 8.3.1.  What is Flexibility?
 8.3.2. Vocal Flexibility

 8.3.2.1. Power
 8.3.2.2. Source
 8.3.2.3. Filter
 8.3.2.4. Body
 8.3.2.5. Emotion

 8.4. Resistance

 8.4.1.  What is Vocal Endurance?
 8.4.2.  Vocal Endurance

8.5. Communication: A Versatile Voice

 8.5.1.  Theoretical Framework
 8.5.2.  Paralanguage
 8.5.3.  Strategies for Working on the Aspects of Paralanguage

 8.6. The Teacher’s Voice

 8.6.1.  Features
 8.6.2.  Objectives of Vocal Work
 8.6.3.  Work Proposal

 8.7. The Actors’s Voice

 8.7.1.  Features
 8.7.2.  Objectives of Vocal Work
 8.7.3.  Work Proposal

 8.8. Dubbing

 8.8.1.  Features
 8.8.2.  Objectives of Vocal Work
 8.8.3.  Work Proposal

 8.9. Broadcasters

 8.9.1.  Features
 8.9.2.  Objectives of Vocal Work
 8.9.3.  Work Proposal

 8.10. Telephone Operators

 8.10.1.  Features
 8.10.2.  Objectives of Vocal Work
 8.10.3.  Work Proposal

Module 9. Professional Singing Voice

9.1. Musical Concepts
 

9.1.1.  Introduction
 9.1.2.  Musical Sounds
 9.1.3.  Major Scale. Tonality. Intervals
 9.1.4.  Chords Common Combinations

 9.2. Physiological Bases of the Singing Voice

 9.2.1.  Power, Source and Filters
 9.2.2.  Transmission
 9.2.3.  Articulation
 9.2.4.  Tuning
 9.2.5.  Vocal Registers

 9.3. Objectives of the Vocal Technique

 9.3.1.  Vocal Technique as a Mechanical Process
 9.3.2.  The Training System
 9.3.3.  Healthy vs. Fatigue
 9.3.4.  Vocal Technique and the Artistic Side

 9.4. Tone

 9.4.1.  Tone as Frequency
 9.4.2.  Low Frequencies
 9.4.3.  The Use of the Spoken Voice
 9.4.4.  High Frequency
 9.4.5.  Extension and Tessitura

 9.5. Intensity

 9.5.1.  Levels of Intensity
 9.5.2.  Healthy Ways of Increasing Intensity
 9.5.3.  Working with Low Intensity

 9.6. Projection

 9.6.1.  How to Project the Voice
 9.6.2.  Healthy Ways of Using Projection
 9.6.3.  Working With or Without a Microphone

 9.7. Endurance

 9.7.1.  Vocal Athletes
 9.7.2.  Healthy Training
 9.7.3.  Harmful Habits

 9.8. Importance of Sensorimotor Learning

 9.8.1.  Proprioception and Muscle Work Placement
 9.8.2.  Sound Proprioception

 9.9. Exercises to Improve the Singing Voice

 9.9.1. Introduction
 9.9.2.  Kim Chandler - Funky’ n Fun
9.9.3.   Estill Études Volume I - Alejandro Saorín Martínez
9.9.4.   Other Publications
9.9.5.   Compilation of Exercises Indicating Their Authors

 9.9.5.1. Relief of Muscle Tension
 9.9.5.2. Work on Articulation, Projection, Resonance and Intonation
 9.9.5.3. Work on Register, Tessitura and Vocal Instability
 9.9.5.4. Others

 9.10. Proposal of Adapted Songs by Level

 9.10.1.  Introduction
 9.10.2.  Categories

 Module 10. Psychology and Voice

 10.1. Voice Psychology as a Specialty
 

10.1.1.  Voice Psychology as a Specialty
 10.1.2.  Relation Between Voice and Psychology
 10.1.3.  Voice as a Fundamental Element in Non-Verbal Communication
 10.1.4.  Summary

 10.2. Connection Between Voice and Psychology

 10.2.1.  What is Voice?
 10.2.2.  What is Psychology? 
10.2.3.  Psychological Aspects of the Voice
 10.2.4.  Voice According to Mood
 10.2.5.  Voice According to Personality
 10.2.6.  Summary

 10.3. Voice as a Fundamental Element in Non-Verbal Communication

 10.3.1.  Non-Verbal Communication
 10.3.2.  Paraverbal Elements of Communication
 10.3.3.  Impact of the Voice on the Oral Message
 10.3.4.  Psychological Types and Vocal Characteristics
 10.3.5.  Summary

 10.4. Voice and Emotions

 10.4.1.  What is an Emotion? 
10.4.2.  Functions of Emotions
 10.4.3.  Classification of Emotions
 10.4.4.  Expressing Emotions
 10.4.5.  Summary

 10.5. Voice and Stress

 10.5.1.  What is Stress? 
10.5.2.  Theories and Models that Explain Stress
 10.5.3.  Characteristics of Stressors
 10.5.4.  Consequences of Stress
 10.5.5.  Summary

 10.6. Types of Functional and Psychogenic Dysphonias

 10.6.1.  What are Dysphonias? 
10.6.2.  Difference Between Functional and Organic Dysphonia
 10.6.3.  Causes of Functional Dysphonia
 10.6.4.  Types of Functional Dysphonia
 10.6.5.  Summary

 10.7. Prevention of Voice Problems

 10.7.1.  Healthy Lifestyle Habits
 10.7.2.  Sleep-Wake Connection
 10.7.3.  Feeding
 10.7.4.  Tobacco
 10.7.5.  Physical Exercise

 10.8. Consciousness: Mind-Body Connection

 10.8.1.  Difference Between Consciousness and Conscience
 10.8.2.  Historical Trajectory of Consciousness
 10.8.3.  Properties of Consciousness
 10.8.4.  Self-Awareness
 10.8.5.  Summary

 10.9. Psychoeducation

 10.9.1.  What is Psychoeducation?
 10.9.2.  Psychoeducation in Functional Dysphonia
 10.9.3.  Psychoeducational Program
 10.9.4.  Summary

 10.10. Mindfulness

 10.10.1.  What Is Mindfulness?
 10.10.2.  Types of Mindfulness Practices
 10.10.3.  Benefits of Mindfulness
 10.10.4.  Summary
 

10.11. Psychological Therapy in Voice Pathology

 10.11.1.  Organic Pathologies
 10.11.2.  Functional Pathologies

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