Get a complete update in Vascular Surgery through an online Professional master’s degree with a comprehensive approach"

Research and innovation go hand in hand in the field of Vascular Surgery. Therefore, there have been continuous and rapid changes in the use of new technology to plan and practice surgical interventions. Likewise, the improvement of materials, the development of devices for the treatment of vascular diseases or the use of cell therapy have made it possible to improve the health of patients.

A scenario that leads specialists to constantly update their knowledge. For this reason, this educational institution has created this Professional master’s degree with 1,500 teaching hours and with the most advanced syllabus, prepared by experts in this field. It is a program that will lead students to enhance their skills and competences in the physiopathology of Vascular Diseases, in the methods of diagnosis in Vascular Pathology, the monitoring of Venous Diseases, as well as the latest research in this field. All this, from a theoretical-practical approach, complemented by video summaries of each topic, videos in detail, specialized readings and case studies.

In addition, thanks to the Relearning system, the graduate will advance naturally through the syllabus, effectively consolidating the most important concepts of this first level educational itinerary.

Undoubtedly, an ideal opportunity for those who are looking for an update through a comfortable and flexible program. Students only need an electronic device with internet connection to visualize, at any time of the day, the content of this program. An unparalleled educational option that adapts to the agenda and real needs of professionals.

Thanks to the TECH simulation scenarios, the specialist will be able to delve into the most complex surgical techniques"

This Professional master’s degree in Vascular Surgery contains the most complete and up-to-date scientific program on the market. The most important features include:

• The development of practical cases presented by healthcare experts in Patients Quality and Security
• The graphic, schematic, and practical contents with which they are created, provide scientific and practical information on the disciplines that are essential for professional practice
• Practical exercises where self-assessment can be used to improve learning
• Its special emphasis on innovative methodologies
• Theoretical lessons, questions to the expert, debate forums on controversial topics, and individual reflection assignments
• Content that is accessible from any fixed or portable device with an Internet connection

A qualification that will allow you to be up to date in the treatment of vascular diseases in just 12 months"

The program’s teaching staff includes professionals from the field who contribute their work experience to this educational program, as well as renowned specialists from leading societies and prestigious universities.

The multimedia content, developed with the latest educational technology, will provide the professional with situated and contextual learning, i.e., a simulated environment that will provide immersive education programmed to learn in real situations.

This program is designed around Problem-Based Learning, whereby the professional must try to solve the different professional practice situations that arise during the academic year For this purpose, the students will be assisted by an innovative interactive video system created by renowned and experienced experts.

Delve into the improvement of coagulation, hemogram and blood biochemistry tests through the best didactic material"

Go in depth when and where you want in Arterial Diseases and update your knowledge with complete flexibility"

The syllabus of this qualification has been designed to offer, from a theoretical-practical perspective, the most current and rigorous information on Vascular Pathology. An educational path of 1,500 teaching hours that will allow you to be up to date in the diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in vascular diseases. Furthermore, this syllabus can be extended thanks to the numerous additional didactic resources available in the Virtual Library of this program.

Thanks to the Relearning method, you will be able to consolidate the key concepts in an agile way"

Module 1. Vascular Pathology

1.1. Vascular Pathology

1.1.1. Vascular Pathology
1.1.2. Differences between vascular and cardiovascular diseases
1.1.3. Types of vascular diseases

1.2. Vascular Pathology History

1.2.1. Important milestones in the history of vascular pathology
1.2.2. Evolution of treatments in Vascular Pathology
1.2.3. Historical advances in the diagnosis of vascular diseases

1.3. Classification of Vascular Diseases

1.3.1. Classification of Arterials Diseases
1.3.2. Classification of Venous Diseases
1.3.3. Classification of Lymphatic Diseases

1.4 . Epidemiology of Vascular Diseases

1.4.1. Prevalence of vascular diseases in the world
1.4.2. Geographical distribution of vascular diseases
1.4.3. Factors influencing the epidemiology of vascular diseases

1.5 . Risk factors of vascular diseases

1.5.1. Non-modifiable risk factors
1.5.2. Modifiable risk factors
1.5.3. Role of psychosocial factors in the risk of vascular disease

1.6 . Public health impact of vascular disease

1.6.1. Economic cost of vascular diseases
1.6.2. Consequences of vascular diseases on the quality of life
1.6.3. Focus on prevention and treatment to reduce the impact on public health

1.7. Importance of early diagnosis and treatment in vascular pathology

1.7.1. Benefits of early Diagnostic in Vascular Pathology
1.7.2. Strategies for the early diagnosis of vascular diseases
1.7.3. Early treatment and its relationship to improved prognosis in vascular diseases

1.8. Role of the physician specializing in vascular pathology

1.8.1. Training and specialization in Vascular Pathology
1.8.2. Functions of the physician specialized in vascular pathology
1.8.3. Importance of Interdisciplinary Work in Vascular Pathology

1.9. Interdisciplinarity in the approach to Vascular Pathology

1.9.1. Teamwork in Vascular Pathology
1.9.2. Roles of the different health professionals in the approach to vascular diseases
1.9.3. Interdisciplinary coordination in the treatment and follow-up of patients with vascular diseases

1.10. Prevention of Vascular Diseases

1.10.1. Primary prevention strategies in vascular diseases
1.10.2. Secondary prevention strategies in vascular diseases
1.10.3. Promotion of healthy lifestyles to prevent vascular diseases

Module 2. Vascular Anatomy and Physiology

2.1. Anatomical structure of blood vessels

2.1.1. Composition of arterial and venous walls
2.1.2. The Structure of the Vascular Endothelium
2.1.3. Types of cells present in the vascular wall

2.2. Blood Vessels Functions

2.2.1. Transport of nutrients and oxygen
2.2.2. Blood Pressure Regulation
2.2.3. Control of blood flow and blood distribution in the organism

2.3. Human Circulatory System

2.3.1. Anatomy and function of the heart
2.3.2. Cardiac cycle and its relation to blood circulation
2.3.3. Electrical conduction pathways in the heart

2.4. Arterial and Venous Circulation

2.4.1. Structural differences between arteries and veins
2.4.2. Backflow and venous return mechanisms
2.4.3. Tissue Perfusion phenomena

2.5. Control of blood flow

2.5.1. Mechanisms of local regulation of blood flow
2.5.2. Regulation of blood flow by the autonomic nervous system
2.5.3. Hormonal Control of blood flow

2.6. Adaptive mechanisms of the blood vessels

2.6.1. Arterial remodeling in hypertension
2.6.2. Venous adaptation in chronic venous insufficiency
2.6.3. Mechanisms of vascular response to hypoxia

2.7. Vascularization of organs and tissues

2.7.1. Characteristics of microcirculation
2.7.2. Mechanisms of angiogenesis
2.7.3. Vascular repercussions of systemic diseases

2.8. Influence of age on the vascular system

2.8.1. Anatomical and functional changes of the vascular system with age
2.8.2. Vascular aging and atherosclerosis
2.8.3. Clinical repercussions of vascular fragility in the elderly

2.9. Anatomical and physiological Variations of blood vessels

2.9.1. Congenital Abnormalities of blood vessels
2.9.2. Variations in the anatomical arrangement of the blood vessels
2.9.3. Role of anatomical variants in vascular pathology

2.10. Hormonal regulation in the vascular system

2.10.1. Action of the catecholamines in the cardiovascular system
2.10.2. Influence of natriuretic peptides on vascular tone
2.10.3. Effects of sex steroids on the vascular system

Module 3. Pathophysiology of Vascular Diseases

3.1. Vascular Physiopathology

3.1.1. Alterations in the structure and function of blood vessels that can lead to various diseases
3.1.2. Changes in the regulation of blood flow and blood pressure that may affect tissue perfusion
3.1.3. Abnormal responses of vascular endothelium and vascular wall cells to different stimuli, such as inflammation, hypoxia, and stress

3.2. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of vascular diseases

3.2.1. Endothelial dysfunction and alterations in the production and activity of vasodilator and vasoconstrictor factors
3.2.2. Cell proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells that can lead to the formation of atheromatous plaques and stenosis
3.2.3. Activation of inflammatory cells and release of inflammatory mediators that may contribute to vascular injury and disease progression

3.3. Modifiable and Non-modifiable risk factors

3.3.1. Non-modifiable risk factors: Age, Family history, Genetics
3.3.2. Modifiable risk factors: Tobacco, Diet, Physical activity
3.3.3. Risk factor prevention approaches: primary, secondary and tertiary

3.4. Primary and Secondary Vascular Injuries

3.4.1. Primary Vascular Injuries: Aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations, vasculitis
3.4.2. Secondary vascular Injuries: deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, atherosclerosis
3.4.3. Comparison between Primary and Secondary Vascular Injuries

3.5. Inflammatory and repair responses in vascular diseases

3.5.1. Role of inflammatory cells in vascular diseases
3.5.2. Cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions in vascular inflammation
3.5.3. Biomarkers of inflammation and vascular repair

3.6. Development of atherosclerosis

3.6.1. Molecular mechanisms of atherosclerotic plaque formation
3.6.2. Non-invasive assessment of atherosclerosis
3.6.3. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies for atherosclerosis

3.7. Deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism

3.7.1. Risk factors for deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism
3.7.2. Diagnostic methods for deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism
3.7.3. Treatment of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism

3.8. Pathophysiology of chronic venous insufficiency

3.8.1. Mechanisms of development of chronic venous insufficiency
3.8.2. Clinical Assessment of chronic venous insufficiency
3.8.3. Treatment of Chronic Venous insufficiency

3.9. Effects of aging on the vascular system

3.9.1. Physiological changes in the vascular system during aging
3.9.2. Relationship between aging and vascular diseases
3.9.3. Strategies to prevent or delay the aging of the vascular system

3.10. Role of genetics in Cellular diseases and molecular mechanisms of vascular diseases

3.10.1. Genes related to vascular diseases
3.10.2. Methods for diagnosis and early detection of inherited vascular diseases

Module 4. Diagnostic Methods in Vascular Pathology

4.1. Importance of Diagnostic in Vascular Pathology

4.1.1. Consequences of an incorrect or late diagnosis in vascular diseases
4.1.2. Role of prevention and early detection in the diagnosis of vascular diseases
4.1.3. mportance of follow-up and evaluation of treatment in the diagnosis of vascular diseases

4.2. Physical Examinations Methods

4.2.1. Inspection, palpation and auscultation in vascular examination
4.2.2. Signs and symptoms indicating vascular diseases in physical examination
4.2.3. Importance of physical examination in the differential diagnosis of vascular diseases

4.3. Diagnostic Imaging methods: radiology, ultrasonography, tomography, magnetic resonance imaging

4.3.1. Basic principles of each Diagnostic imaging method
4.3.2. Indications and Contraindications of each Diagnostic imaging method
4.3.3. Advantages and limitations of each Diagnostic imaging method in Vascular Pathology

4.4. Vascular functional tests: ankle-brachial indices, plethysmography, Doppler study

4.4.1. Basic principles of each vascular functional test
4.4.2. Indications and Contraindications of each vascular functional test
4.4.3. Interpretation of the results of each vascular functional test in Vascular Pathology

4.5 . Angiography and Arteriography

4.5.1. Indications and Contraindications of Angiography and arteriography
4.5.2. Basic Principles of Angiography and arteriography
4.5.3. Interpretation of the results of Angiography and arteriography in Vascular Pathology

4.6. Vascular endoscopy

4.6.1. Indications and Contraindications of vascular endoscopy
4.6.2. Basic principals of vascular endoscopy
4.6.3. Interpretation of the results of each vascular endoscopy in Vascular Pathology

4.7. Vascular  Biopsies

4.7.1. Indications and Contraindications of vascular Biopsies
4.7.2. Basic principals of vascular Biopsies
4.7.3. Interpretation of the results of each vascular Biopsies in Vascular Pathology

4.8. Interpretation of diagnostic test results

4.8.1. Criteria for the Interpretation of diagnostic test results
4.8.2. Importance of clinical correlation in the interpretation of diagnostic test results
4.8.3. Common errors in the interpretation of diagnostic test results in Vascular Pathology

4.9. Role of Clinical Assessment in the Diagnoses

4.9.1. Importance of Medical History in the diagnosis of vascular diseases
4.9.2. Role of prevention and early detection in the diagnosis of vascular diseases
4.9.3. Interpretation of diagnostic test results in the Clinical Context

4.10. Differential Diagnosis of Vascular Diseases

4.10.1. Clinical and radiologic differences between common vascular diseases
4.10.2. Criteria for differential diagnosis between vascular diseases
4.10.3. Importance of comprehensive patient evaluation in the differential diagnosis of diseases

Module 5. Arterial Diseases

5.1. Arterial Diseases

5.1.1. Coronary Arterial Disease
5.1.2. Peripheral Arterial Disease
5.1.3. Cerebral arterial Disease

5.2. Etiology of Arterials Diseases

5.2.1. Cardiovascular risk factors: hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, smoking, sedentary lifestyle
5.2.2. Autoimmune diseases: giant cell arteritis, Takayasu's disease
5.2.3. Genetic diseases: Marfan syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos disease

5.3. Symptoms and Signs of Arterial Diseases

5.3.1. Chest pain and other symptoms of coronary artery disease
5.3.2. Intermittent claudication and other symptoms of peripheral arterial disease
5.3.3. Stroke and other symptoms of cerebral arterial disease

5.4. Diagnosis of Arterial Diseases: methods and techniques

5.4.1. Imaging tests: angiography, Doppler ultrasonography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging
5.4.2. Vascular function tests: ankle-brachial indices, plethysmography, Doppler study
5.4.3. Clinical evaluation: medical history, physical examination, stress tests

5.5. Medical treatment of arterial diseases: antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs

5.5.1. Antiplatelet agents: aspirin, clopidogrel, ticagrelor
5.5.2. Analgesia: Warfarin, heparin, rivaroxaban
5.5.3. Treatment of hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia to reduce the risk of arterial disease

5.6. Endovascular treatment of arterial disease: angioplasty, stenting, atherectomy

5.6.1. Balloon angioplasty: technique to open a narrowed artery
5.6.2. Stent placement: metal tube that keeps an artery open
5.6.3. Atherectomy: technique to remove plaque from an artery

5.7. Surgical Treatment of Arterial Diseases: bypass, endarterectomy

5.7.1. Coronary artery bypass: technique for bypassing blood around a blocked coronary artery
5.7.2. Carotid Endarterectomy: technique to remove plaque from the carotid artery
5.7.3. Peripheral bypass surgery: technique to bypass blood around a blocked peripheral artery

5.8. Management of Diabetic Foot

5.8.1. Prevention: regular foot care and diabetes control
5.8.2. Wound and ulcer treatment: wound healing and foot care
5.8.3. Revascularization surgery: technique to improve blood flow to the foot

5.9. Vascular rehabilitation

5.9.1. Supervised exercise programs
5.9.2. Education on vascular disease management
5.9.3. Occupational therapy and physical therapy

5.10. Prognosis and Follow-up of Arterial Diseases

5.10.1. Periodic assessment of disease status
5.10.2. Assessment of response to treatment
5.10.3. Identification and Management of Complications

Module 6. Venous Diseases

6.1. Venous Diseases

6.1.1. Classification of Venous Diseases according to their origin: primary and secondary
6.1.2. Venous diseases according to their anatomical location: superficial and deep varicose veins
6.1.3. Definition and differences between acute and chronic Venous Diseases

6.2. Etiology of Venous Diseases

6.2.1. Risk factors for the development of Venous Diseases: age, gender, obesity, sedentary lifestyle
6.2.2. Etiology of secondary venous diseases: trauma, thrombosis, tumors
6.2.3. Relationship between diseases and chronic venous insufficiency

6.3. Symptoms and Signs of Venous Diseases

6.3.1. Early symptoms of Venous Diseases: fatigue, heaviness and pain in the legs
6.3.2. Visible signs of Venous Diseases: dilated veins, edema and skin changes
6.3.3. Advanced symptoms of Venous Diseases: ulcers, infections and bleeding

6.4. Diagnosis of Venous Diseases: methods and techniques

6.4.1. Non-invasive techniques for the diagnosis of Venous Diseases: ultrasound, Doppler and echo-Doppler
6.4.2. Invasive methods for the diagnosis of Venous Diseases: phlebography and angiotomography
6.4.3. Clinical evaluation of the patient with Venous Diseases: clinical history, physical examination and laboratory tests

6.5. Medical treatment of Venous Diseases: phlebotonic drugs, anticoagulants

6.5.1. Phlebotonic drugs for the treatment of Venous Diseases: action and side effects
6.5.2. Anticoagulants for the treatment of Venous Diseases: types and duration of treatment
6.5.3. Combination of phlebotonic and anticoagulant drugs in the treatment of Venous Diseases

6.6. Endovascular treatment of Venous Diseases: sclerosis, phlebectomy, catheterization

6.6.1. Sclerosis as a technique for endovascular treatment of venous diseases: types and procedure
6.6.2. Phlebectomy as an endovascular treatment technique for venous disease: types and procedure
6.6.3. Catheters for endovascular treatment of venous disease: types and clinical use

6.7. Surgical treatment of Venous Diseases: stripping, ligation

6.7.1. Stripping as a surgical technique for the treatment of Venous Diseases: types and procedure
6.7.2. Ligation as a surgical technique for the treatment of Venous Diseases: types and procedure
6.7.3. Comparison between endovascular and surgical techniques for the treatment of Venous Diseases

6.8. Management of venous ulcers

6.8.1. Local care in the management of venous ulcers: cleaning and bandage
6.8.2. Medical treatment of venous ulcers: compressive therapy and topical drugs
6.8.3. Surgical treatment of venous ulcers: skin grafts

6.9. Venous rehabilitation

6.9.1. Exercises for vascular rehabilitation: walking, cycling, and swimming
6.9.2. Massages for vascular rehabilitation: techniques and benefits
6.9.3. Physical therapy techniques for vascular rehabilitation: electrostimulation and ultrasound

6.10. Prognosis and follow-up of Venous Diseases

6.10.1. Factors influencing the prognosis of Venous Diseases: type of disease, age of the patient and presence of complications
6.10.2. Evaluation of the prognosis of Venous Diseases: imaging tests and clinical follow up
6.10.3. Long-term follow-up of patients with venous disease: frequency and purpose of follow-up visits

Module 7. Lymphatic Diseases

7.1. Lymphatic Diseases

7.1.1. Classification of Lymphatic Diseases: primary and secondary
7.1.2. Definition and characteristics of primary lymphatic diseases
7.1.3. Definition and characteristics of secondary lymphatic diseases

7.2. Etiology of Lymphatic Diseases

7.2.1. Causes of primary Lymphatic Diseases: Genetic
7.2.2. Causes of secondary lymphatic diseases: traumatic injuries, surgeries, infections
7.2.3. Risk factors of Lymphatic Diseases: obesity, sedentary lifestyle, chronic diseases

7.3. Symptoms and Signs of Lymphatic Diseases

7.3.1. Early Symptoms of Lymphatic Diseases
7.3.2. Physical Signs of Lymphatic Diseases
7.3.3. Advance Symptoms of Lymphatic Diseases

7.4. Diagnosis of Lymphatic Diseases: methods and techniques

7.4.1. Diagnostic methods for lymphatic diseases: ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, biopsy
7.4.2. Diagnostic techniques of Lymphatic Diseases: lymphatic contrast test, lymphography
7.4.3. Assessment of the functional status of the lymphatic system: lymphatic flow measurement techniques

7.5. Medical treatment of Lymphatic diseases: lymphotonic drugs

7.5.1. Lymphotonic drugs used in the treatment of Lymphatic Diseases: benzopyrones, diuretics, corticosteroids
7.5.2. Side effects of lymphotonic drugs: hypotension, electrolyte disturbances, gastrointestinal disorders
7.5.3. Medication interactions of lymphotonic drugs: anticoagulants, antihypertensives, diabetes medications

7.6. Rehabilitative treatment of lymphatic diseases: sclerosis, embolization

7.6.1. Manual Lymphatic Drainage
7.6.2. Pressure therapy
7.6.3. Compression Therapy

7.7. Surgical Treatment of Lymphatic Diseases: dissection, anastomosis

7.7.1. Types of surgeries used in the treatment of Lymphatic Diseases: lymph node dissection, lymphatic-venous anastomosis
7.7.2. Advanced surgical techniques used in the treatment of Lymphatic Diseases: lymph node transplantation, lymphatic transfer
7.7.3. Indications and contraindications of surgery in the treatment of Lymphatic Diseases

7.8. Management of Lymphedema

7.8.1. Conservative treatment of lymphedema: skin care, compression, manual lymphatic drainage
7.8.2. Pharmacologic treatment of lymphedema: diuretics, benzopyrones, corticosteroids
7.8.3. Surgical treatment of Lymphedema: volume reduction surgery, vascularized transfer surgery

7.9. Vascular rehabilitation

7.9.1. Vascular rehabilitation programs for patients with Lymphatic Diseases: resistance exercises, aerobic exercises, stretching
7.9.2. Role of the occupational therapist in vascular rehabilitation: counseling on self-care techniques, adaptations for home and work
7.9.3. Benefits of vascular rehabilitation on the quality of life of patients with lymphatic diseases

7.10. Prognosis and Follow-up of lymphatic Diseases

7.10.1. Factors influencing the prognosis of Lymphatic Diseases: type of disease, severity of disease, presence of comorbidities
7.10.2. Methods of follow-up of Lymphatic Diseases: clinical evaluation, imaging tests, lymphatic function tests
7.10.3. Patient's role in the follow-up of Lymphatic Diseases: symptom monitoring, treatment monitoring, lifestyle changes

Module 8. Surgical and Endovascular Treatment of Vascular Diseases

8.1. Vascular Surgery

8.1.1. Vascular anatomy: structures and function of the circulatory system
8.1.2. Vascular pathologies: diseases and disorders affecting the blood vessels
8.1.3. Revascularization surgery: surgical procedures to restore blood flow

8.2. Principles of Endovascular Surgery

8.2.1. Vascular access: techniques to reach the site of intervention inside the body
8.2.2. Device selection: choice of appropriate materials and tools for each procedure
8.2.3. Imaging techniques: use of technology to guide the procedure and monitor the outcome

8.3. Selection of the treatment method: criteria and decisions

8.3.1. Severity of the disease: determination of the severity of the pathology and its impact on the patient's health
8.3.2. Location of the lesion: consideration of the location of the vascular problem and surgical accessibility
8.3.3. Patient's health status: assessment of the patient's general medical condition, including possible contraindications

8.4. Surgical techniques: description and application

8.4.1. Bypass surgery
8.4.2. Endarterectomy
8.4.3. Aneurysmectomy

8.5. Endovascular techniques: description and application

8.5.1. Angioplasty: dilation of a narrowed artery by means of an inflatable balloon
8.5.2. Vascular stent: placement of a metallic device to keep an artery open
8.5.3. Embolization: deliberate obstruction of a blood vessel to treat a lesion or malformation

8.6. Vascular Surgery Complications

8.6.1. Thrombosis: formation of blood clots
8.6.2. Hemorrhage: excessive bleeding during or after the procedure
8.6.3. Infection: development of an infection at the site of the procedure

8.7. Management of Perioperative Complications

8.7.1. Monitoring of vital signs: constant monitoring of the patient's health during surgery and recovery
8.7.2. Pharmacological treatment: administration of drugs to prevent or treat complications
8.7.3. Additional surgical intervention: performance of rescue surgery to solve a complication

8.8. Reinterventions in Vascular Surgery

8.8.1. Revision of anastomosis: correction of a junction between two blood vessels previously surgically joined
8.8.2. Vascular prosthesis replacement: substitution of a previous vascular implant that has failed or generated complications
8.8.3. Treatment of late complications: resolution of complications that arise after an initial vascular surgery

Module 9.  Pre- and post-operative care of the vascular patient

9.1. Preoperative evaluation: clinical history and physical examination

9.1.1. Importance of the clinical history in the preoperative assessment: obtaining information on medical history, medications, allergies, lifestyle, etc
9.1.2. Physical examination in the preoperative evaluation: assessment of cardiovascular, respiratory and neurological function, measurement of blood pressure, auscultation of heart and lung sounds, etc
9.1.3. Surgical risk assessment based on age, general health status, presence of chronic diseases, etc

9.2. Preoperative evaluation: diagnostic tests and preparation of the patient

9.2.1. Importance of the preoperative evaluation in surgical risk reduction
9.2.2. Types of diagnostic tests used in the preoperative assessment and their relevance in clinical decision making
9.2.3. Preparation of the patient for the preoperative evaluation and its influence on the safety and success of the surgical procedure

9.3. Postoperative care planning

9.3.1. Assessment of postoperative care needs: patient dependency, pain level, nutritional needs, mobility, etc
9.3.2. Planning the transition from hospital to home: preparation of the home, follow-up by a physician or nurse, recommendations for recovery, etc
9.3.3. Long-term medical follow-up planning: follow-up appointments with surgeon, follow-up testing, lifestyle recommendations to maintain vascular health

9.4. Postoperative Monitoring and Control

9.4.1. Importance of postoperative monitoring: early detection of complications, evaluation of treatment efficacy
9.4.2. Postoperative monitoring techniques: monitoring of blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygenation, etc
9.4.3. Management of postoperative complications: prevention of infections, pain control, management of arterial hypertension, treatment of renal insufficiency, etc

9.5. Postoperative Pain Management

9.5.1. Importance of postoperative monitoring: early detection of complications, assessment of treatment efficacy, monitoring of patient progress, etc
9.5.2. Postoperative monitoring techniques: monitoring of blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygenation, etc
9.5.3. Management of postoperative complications: prevention of infections, pain control, management of arterial hypertension, treatment of renal insufficiency, etc

9.6. Management of postoperative complications

9.6.1. Post-Operation Infections
9.6.2. Postoperative bleeding
9.6.3. Venous thromboembolism

9.7. Care of Surgical Wounds

9.7.1. Suture Techniques
9.7.2. Use of bandages and dressings
9.7.3. Assessment and prevention of surgical wound infection

9.8. Postoperative Nutrition and Hydration Management

9.8.1. Types of Diets Post Surgery
9.8.2. Routes of administration of nutrition and fluids
9.8.3. Nutritional and Vitamin Supplements

9.9. Postoperative rehabilitation and physiotherapy

9.9.1. Early mobilization exercises
9.9.2. Muscle strengthening
9.9.3. Physical therapy techniques to improve motor function

9.10. Long-Term Monitoring of the Vascular Patient

9.10.1. Control of High Blood Pressure
9.10.2. Assessment of Renal Function
9.10.3. Monitoring progression of vascular disease and prevention of recurrence

Module 10. Research and Advances in Vascular Pathology

10.1. Vascular Pathology Studies design

10.1.1. Vascular Pathology Clinical Trials Design
10.1.2. Vascular Pathology Cohort Studies
10.1.3. Vascular Pathology Cohort Studies

10.2. Statistical Analysis of Data in Vascular Pathology

10.2.1. Multivariate analysis methods in vascular pathology
10.2.2. Vascular Pathology Survival Analysis
10.2.3. Vascular Pathology Survival Analysis

10.3. Advances in Diagnostic Techniques in Vascular Pathology

10.3.1. Vascular Ultrasound
10.3.2. Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA)
10.3.3. Vascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

10.4. Research in Arterial Diseases

10.4.1. Atherosclerosis and Coronary Artery Disease
10.4.2. Research on aortic aneurysms
10.4.3. Research in peripheral arterial disease and intermittent claudication

10.5. Research in Venous Diseases

10.5.1. Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
10.5.2. Chronic Venous Insufficiency (IVC)
10.5.3. Post-thrombotic syndrome

10.6. Research in Lymphatic Diseases

10.6.1. Lymphedema
10.6.2. Congenital Lymphatic Diseases
10.6.3. Lymphangioma

10.7. Innovative Therapies in Vascular Pathology

10.7.1. Cell therapy for vascular regeneration
10.7.2. Gene therapy to treat arterial disease
10.7.3. Growth factor therapy for vascular tissue regeneration

10.8. Biomarkers in Vascular Pathology

10.8.1. C-reactive protein (CRP)
10.8.2. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)
10.8.3. Metalloproteases

10.9. Prevention of vascular diseases

10.9.1. Control of cardiovascular risk factors
10.9.2. Physical Activity and Regular Exercise
10.9.3. Healthy diet and body weight control

10.10.Future trends in Vascular Pathology

10.10.1. Nanotechnology for the diagnosis and treatment of vascular diseases
10.10.2. Stem Cell Therapy for Vascular Regeneration
10.10.3. Advances in gene therapy for the treatment of vascular diseases

A program that will allow you to be up to date in Gene Therapy and future trends in Vascular Pathology"