This training is the best option you can find to specialize in veterinary cardiology and make more accurate diagnoses" 

Cardiology of Small Animals is a subspecialty of Internal Medicine with a great development in the last decades. The teachers of this Postgraduate diploma are at the forefront of the latest diagnostic techniques and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in small animals. Thanks to their specialized training, they have developed a useful, practical program adapted to the current reality, a reality that is becoming more and more demanding.  

This comprehensive program compiles the different cardiovascular diseases affecting small animals. It starts with a solid development of the basics of cardiovascular physiology, pathophysiology and pharmacology, so often forgotten and so important and useful in daily clinical practice, followed by the optimization of clinical examination and diagnostic tests, and ending with the latest therapeutic protocols and patient monitoring procedures. 

This training specializes the general practitioner in an area that is increasingly in demand, partly because of its frequency, partly because of the need for specialization that this area demands.   

In all the modules, a gradual exposition of knowledge at the physiological and pathophysiological level has been established, a development of the protocols for approaching patients with cardiovascular diseases with diagnostic and treatment algorithms, as well as the monitoring that should be done in these patients, since many of these diseases are chronic. It compiles the author's experience, without forgetting scientific rigor and the most important updates based on evidence. Develops the diseases, the action protocols and takes into account the patient's integral approach, considering the disease, the patient and the owner in the line of evidence-based medicine.  

All topics incorporate numerous multimedia material: photos, videos and diagrams, so important in a specialty where imaging techniques are of great importance. Finally, as it is an online Postgraduate diploma, the students are not conditioned by fixed schedules, nor do they need to move to another physical location. All of the content can be accessed at any time of the day, so you can balance your working or personal life with your academic life. 

Don't miss the opportunity to take this program with TECH. It's the perfect opportunity to advance your career and stand out in an industry with high demand for professionals”

This Postgraduate diploma in Complementary Tests in Clinical Cardiology of Small Animals contains the most complete and up-to-date educational program on the market. The most important features of the program include: 

• The development of case studies presented by experts in Complementary Tests in Clinical Cardiology of Small Animals 
• The graphic, schematic, and eminently practical contents with which they are created, provide scientific and practical information on the disciplines that are essential for professional practice
• New Developments in Complementary Tests in Clinical Cardiology of Small Animals
• Practical exercises where the self-assessment process can be carried out to improve learning 
• Special emphasis on innovative methodologies in Complementary Tests in Clinical Cardiology of Small Animals
• Theoretical lessons, questions to the expert, debate forums on controversial topics, and individual reflection work
• Content that is accessible from any fixed or portable device with an Internet connection 

This Postgraduate diploma is the best investment you can make in selecting a refresher program to update your veterinary knowledge in cardiology"

The multimedia content, developed with the latest educational technology, will provide the professional with situated and contextual learning, i.e., a simulated environment that will provide immersive training programmed to train in real situations. 

This program is designed around Problem-Based Learning, whereby the professional must try to solve the different professional practice situations that arise during the academic program. For this purpose, the professional will be assisted by an innovative interactive video system developed by renowned and experienced experts in Complementary Tests in Clinical Cardiology of Small Animals.  

This training comes with the best didactic material, providing you with a contextual approach that will facilitate your learning"

This 100% online Specialist Diploma will allow you to combine your studies with your professional work while increasing your knowledge in this field"

The structure of the content has been designed by the best professionals in the Complementary Tests in Clinical Cardiology of Small Animals sector, with extensive experience and recognized prestige in the profession, backed by the volume of cases reviewed, studied, and diagnosed, and with extensive knowledge of new technologies applied to veterinary medicine.    

This Postgraduate diploma contains the most complete and up-to-date scientific program on the market"  

Module 1. Complementary Tests Diagnostic Imaging

1.1. Principles of Radiology 

1.1.1. Physical Fundamentals of X-ray Production 
1.1.2. X-ray Machine 
1.1.3. Selection of mAs and KV 
1.1.4. Types of Radiology 

1.2. Radiographic Technique in Thoracic Radiology 

1.2.1. Radiographic Technique 
1.2.2. Positioning 

1.3. Thoracic Radiography I 

1.3.1. Assessment of a Thoracic Radiography 
1.3.2. Diseases of Extrathoracic Structures 

1.4. Thoracic Radiology II 

1.4.1. Tracheal Diseases  
1.4.2. Mediastinal Diseases 

1.5. Thoracic Radiology III 

1.5.1. Diseases of the Pleura  
1.5.2. Diseases of the Esophagus 

1.6. Cardiac Silhouette I

1.6.1. Assessment of Normal Cardiac Silhouette 
1.6.2. Size  
1.6.3. Topography 

1.7. Cardiac Silhouette II 

1.7.1. Diseases Affecting the Heart 
1.7.2. Imported  

1.8. Pulmonary Parenchyma I 

1.8.1. Assessment of Normal Lung Parenchyma 
1.8.2. Pulmonary Patterns I

1.9. Pulmonary Parenchyma II 

1.9.1. Pulmonary Patterns II  
1.9.2. Radiologic Findings in Pulmonary Parenchymal Diseases 

1.10. Other Tests 

1.10.1. Pulmonary Ultrasound
1.10.2. Bubble Study 

Module 2. Complementary Tests Electrocardiogram 

2.1. Anatomy of the Conduction System and Action Potentials 

2.1.1. Sinus Node and Supraventricular Conduction Pathways 
2.1.2. Atrioventricular Node and Ventricular Conduction Pathways 
2.1.3. Action Potential  

2.1.3.1. Pacemaker Cells  
2.1.3.2. Contractile Cells  

2.2. Obtaining a High-Quality Electrocardiographic Tracing 

2.2.1. Limb Led System 
2.2.2. Precordial Lead System 
2.2.2. Artifact Reduction 

2.3. Sinus Rhythm  

2.3.1. Typical Electrocardiographic Characteristics of Sinus Rhythm 
2.3.2. Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia 
2.3.3. Non-respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia 
2.3.4. Wandering Pacemaker 
2.3.5. Sinus Tachycardia 
2.3.6. Sinus Bradycardia 
2.3.7. Intraventricular Conduction Blocks 

2.4. Electrophysiological Mechanisms Causing Arrhythmias 

2.4.1. Stimulus Formation Disorders  

2.4.1.1. Altered Normal Automatism 
2.4.1.2. Abnormal Automatism 
2.4.1.3. Triggered Activity: Late Postpotentials 
2.4.1.4. Triggered Activity: Early Postpotentials 

2.4.2. Impulse Conduction Disorders  

2.4.2.1. Anatomical Re-entry  
2.4.2.2. Functional Re-entry 

2.5. Supraventricular Arrhythmias I  

2.5.1. Atrial Premature Complexes 
2.5.2. Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia 
2.5.3. Atrioventricular Junctional Tachycardia 
2.5.4. Accessory Conduction Routes 

2.6. Supraventricular Arrhythmias II: Atrial Fibrillation  

2.6.1. Anatomical and Functional Substrate 
2.6.2. Hemodynamic Consequences 
2.6.3. Treatment for Frequency Control 
2.6.4. Treatment for Rythm Control 

2.7. Ventricular Arrhythmias  

2.7.1. Ventricular Premature Complexes 
2.7.2. Monomorphic Ventricular Tachycardia 
2.7.3. Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia 
2.7.4. Idioventricular Rhythm 

2.8. Bradyarrhythmias  

2.8.1. Sick Sinus Disease 
2.8.2. Atrioventricular Block 
2.8.3. Atrial Silence 

2.9. Holter  

2.9.1. Holter Monitoring Indications 
2.9.2. Equipment 
2.9.3. Interpretation 

2.10. Advanced Treatment Techniques  

2.10.1. Pacemaker Implantation 
2.10.2. Radiofrequency Ablation 

Module 3. Complementary Tests Echocardiography  

3.1. Introduction Ultrasound and Equipment

3.1.1. Ultrasound Physics 
3.1.2. Equipment and Transducers 
3.1.3. Doppler 
3.1.4. Artefacts  

3.2. Echocardiographic Examination 

3.2.1. Patient Preparation and Positioning 
3.2.2. 2D Two-dimensional Echocardiography 

3.2.2.1. Echocardiographic Slicing
3.2.2.2. Two-dimensional Image Controls 

3.2.3. M-Mode  
3.2.4. Spectral Doppler  
3.2.5. Color Doppler 
3.2.6. Tissue Doppler  

3.3. Measurements and Assessment of 2D and M-mode Images

3.3.1. General aspects
3.3.2. Left Ventricle and Mitral Valve  
3.3.3. Left Atrium  
3.3.4. Aorta  
3.3.5. Right Ventricle and Tricuspid Valve
3.3.6. Right Atrium and Vena Cavas
3.3.7. Pulmonary Trunk and Arteries 
3.3.8. Pericardium 

3.4. Doppler Measurements and Assessment 

3.4.1. General aspects 

3.4.1.1. Alignment 
3.4.1.2. Laminar and Turbulent Flow 
3.4.1.3. Hemodynamic Information

3.4.2. Spectral Doppler: Aortic and Pulmonary Flow 
3.4.3. Spectral Doppler: Mitral and Tricuspid Flow 
3.4.4. Spectral Doppler: Flow of the Pulmonary and Left Atrial Veins
3.4.5. Colour Doppler Assessment  
3.4.6. Tissue Doppler Measurement and Assessment 

3.5. Advanced Echocardiography 

3.5.1. Tissue Doppler-Derived Techniques
3.5.2. Transesophageal Echocardiogram 
3.5.3. 3D Echocardiography 

3.6. Hemodynamic Assessment I

3.6.1. Left Ventricular Systolic Function

3.6.1.1. M-Mode Analysis 
3.6.1.2. Two-Dimensional Analysis 
3.6.1.3. Spectral Doppler Analysis 
3.6.1.4. Tissue Doppler Analysis

3.7. Hemodynamic Assessment II

3.7.1. Left Ventricular Diastolic Function

3.7.1.1. Types of Diastolic Dysfunction 

3.7.2. Left Ventricular Filling Pressures 
3.7.3. Right Ventricular Function

3.7.3.1. Radial Systolic Function 
3.7.3.2. Longitudinal Systolic Function 
3.7.3.3. Tissue Doppler 

3.8. Hemodynamic Assessment III 

3.8.1. Spectral Doppler 

3.8.1.1. Pressure Gradients 
3.8.1.2. Pressure Half Time 
3.8.1.3. Regurgitation Volume and Fraction 
3.8.1.4. Shunt Quota

3.8.2. M-Mode 

3.9.2.1. Aorta 
3.9.2.2. Mitral 
3.9.2.3. Septum 
3.9.2.4. Left Ventricular Free Wall 

3.9. Hemodynamic Assessment IV

3.9.1. Color Doppler 

3.9.1.1. Jet Size 
3.9.1.2. PISA 
3.9.1.3. Contracted Vein 

3.9.2. Assessment of Mitral Regurgitation  
3.9.3. Assessment of Tricuspid Regurgitation 
3.9.4. Assessment of Aortic Regurgitation 
3.9.5. Assessment of Pulmonary Regurgitation 

3.10. Thoracic Ultrasound Scan 

3.10.1. Thoracic Ultrasound Scan 

3.10.1.1. Spills 
3.10.1.2. Masses 
3.10.1.3. Pulmonary Parenchyma 

3.10.2. Echocardiography in Exotic Animals

3.10.2.1. Rabbits 
3.10.2.2. Ferrets 
3.10.2.3. Rodents 

3.10.3. Others 

Achieve professional success with this high-level training provided by prestigious professionals with extensive experience in the sector"