The current importance of image and aesthetics makes this Master's Degree an essential program for professionals in the sector, providing them with most in-depth knowledge of the main surgical techniques"

Aesthetic Plastic Surgery is one of the most booming sectors in recent years. The growing interest of citizens to improve their physical appearance, and the confidence offered by the advances in technology, have allowed these types of interventions to be performed with total safety, drastically minimizing the possible side effects. Although plastic surgery has historically focused on burn patients and reconstructive processes, it is increasingly acquiring a more generalized role, giving more space to patients who do not present a physical injury, but who demand surgical procedures to achieve an aesthetic or functional improvement.

This Master's Degree in Aesthetic Plastic Surgery aims to broaden plastic surgeon’s knowledge and vision, providing a solid foundation to face the challenges posed by patients seeking aesthetic procedures and consolidate their previous training, while encouraging curiosity and interest in the most advanced techniques and the most consolidated knowledge of this fascinating discipline.

This program presents the most up-to-date knowledge in the management of cosmetic surgery patients. It was designed by a team of specialists who have developed an extensive catalog of multimedia material with illustrations, videos and case studies, supported by an extensive bibliography. The result is that all the knowledge is structured and explained in such a way that it allows a practical, systematic and simple application.

The most advanced surgical techniques, the indications for each patient according to their characteristics, the management of complications, or the use of current technologies for the optimization of results are explained step by step throughout each of the topics. The patient's protocols before surgery are also covered in the program, a key issue to avoid adverse events during the practice of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery. In addition, routine postoperative management is equally important, which consists of wound care and the application of therapies that help the patient progress until they can fully return to their daily activities. 

This Master's Degree offers you the most complete and up-to-date program, designed to learn about the technologies, materials, and treatments used in this discipline and to include a complete perspective of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery that will allow you to specialize in an ethical and responsible way. With this Master's Degree, you will obtain a highly qualified education, which seeks to ensure excellence in medical practice. Furthermore, its 100% online format will allow you to continue your studies from the place of your choice, without having to commute or adhere to fixed schedules, and with a flexible methodology that will allow you to update your professional profile at your own pace. 

An intense and thorough program, designed to provide in-depth knowledge of the most demanded technologies, materials and treatments"

This Master's Degree in Aesthetic Plastic Surgery contains the most complete and up-to-date scientific program on the market. Its most notable features are: 

• Practical cases presented by experts in Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
• The graphic, schematic, and practical contents with which they are created, provide scientific and practical information on the disciplines that are essential for professional development
• The latest information on Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
• Practical exercises where the self-assessment process can be carried out to improve learning
• Special emphasis on innovative methodologies in Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
• Theoretical lessons, questions to the expert, debate forums on controversial topics, and individual reflection work
• Content that is accessible from any , fixed or portable device , with an Internet connection

This Master's Degree is the best investment you can make in the selection of a refresher program for two reasons: in addition to updating your knowledge in Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, you will obtain a degree from TECH Global University"

The teaching staff includes professionals from the field of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, who bring their experience to this program, as well as renowned specialists from leading societies and prestigious universities. 

The multimedia content, developed with the latest educational technology, will provide the professional with situated and contextual learning, i.e., a simulated environment that will provide immersive learning programmed to train in real situations. 

This program is designed around Problem-Based Learning, whereby the professional must try to solve the different professional practice situations that arise throughout the program. For this, the Professional will have the help of an innovative interactive video system made by recognized experts in Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, who all have extensive experience. 

Do not hesitate to study this program with us. You will find the best teaching material with virtual lessons"

This 100% online Master's Degree will allow you to balance your studies with your professional work while increasing your knowledge in this field"

The structure of the contents has been designed by leading professionals in the Aesthetic Plastic Surgery sector, with extensive experience and recognized prestige in the profession, backed by the volume of cases reviewed, studied and treated, and with a wide mastery of new technologies applied to teaching.

This Master's Degree contains the most complete and up-to-date scientific program on the market, which makes it your choice’’

Module 1. Aesthetic Breast Surgery 

1.1. Anatomy of the Mammary Region 

1.1.1. Introduction 
1.1.2. Anatomy of the Breast 

1.1.2.1. Mammary Parenchyma 
1.1.2.2. Nipple-Areola Complex 
1.1.2.3. Fascial System of the Breast 
1.1.2.4. Submammary Sulcus 
1.1.2.5. Irrigation 
1.1.2.6. Venous Drainage 
1.1.2.7. Lymphatic Drainage 
1.1.2.8. Innervation 

1.1.3. Musculature of the Mammary Region 

1.1.3.1. Pectoralis Major 
1.1.3.2. Pectoralis Minor 
1.1.3.3. Serratus 
1.1.3.4. Rectus Abdominis 
1.1.3.5. Greater Oblique 

1.1.4. Chest 
1.1.5. Summary 

1.2. Aesthetic Considerations of the Breast 

1.2.1. Introduction 
1.2.2. Aesthetic Analysis of the Breast 
1.2.3. Aesthetic Analysis of the Nipple-Areola Complex 
1.2.4. Thorax and Breast Base 
1.2.5. Summary 

1.3. Types of Breast Prostheses and Implant Selection 

1.3.1. Introduction 
1.3.2. Characteristics of Breast Implants 

1.3.2.1. According to Shape 
1.3.2.2. According to Texture 
1.3.2.3. According to Content 

1.3.3. Innovations in Breast Implants 

1.3.3.1. Ergonomic Prostheses 
1.3.3.2. Low Weight Prostheses 
1.3.3.3. Polyurethane 

1.3.4. Implant Selection 

1.3.4.1. Selection Based on Measurements 
1.3.4.2. External Testers 
1.3.4.3. 3D Virtual Simulation 

1.3.5. New Breast Implant Prototypes 

1.3.5.1. Use of Gauges
1.3.5.2. Techniques Based on Measurements 
1.3.5.3. Techniques Based on Virtual Simulation 

1.3.6. Summary 

1.4. Augmentation Mammoplasty 

1.4.1. Introduction 
1.4.2. Preoperative Assessment 
1.4.3. Preoperative Marking 
1.4.4. Surgical Technique 

1.4.4.1. Types of Incision 
1.4.4.2. Areolar 
1.4.4.3. Submammary Sulcus 
1.4.4.4. Axillary 

1.4.5. Pocket Creation 

1.4.5.1. Subglandular Pocket 
1.4.5.2. Subfascial Pocket 
1.4.5.3. Subpectoral Pocket 
1.4.5.4. Dual Plane 

1.4.6. Breast Augmentation with Autologous Fat 
1.4.7. Composite Breast Augmentation 
1.4.8. Postoperative Care 
1.4.9. Complications 
1.4.10. Summary 

1.5. Mastopexy 

1.5.1. Introduction 
1.5.2. Classification of Breast Ptosis 
1.5.3. Mastopexy without Implants 

1.5.3.1. Periareolar Mastopexy 

1.5.3.1.1. Beneli Periareolar Technique
1.5.3.1.2. Goretex Intercalated Suture Technique 

1.5.3.2. Ribeiro Pedicles 

1.5.3.2.1. Pedicle I 
1.5.3.2.2. Pedicle II 
1.5.3.2.3. Pedicle III 
1.5.3.2.4. Pedicle IV 
1.5.3.2.5. Pedicle V 

1.5.3.3. SPAIR Mastopexy 

1.5.3.3.1. Mastopexy with Implants 
1.5.3.3.2. Postoperative Care 
1.5.3.3.3. Complications 
1.5.3.3.4. Summary 

1.6. Breast Reduction 

1.6.1. Introduction 
1.6.2. Classification of Breast Hypertrophy 
1.6.3. Patterns in Breast Reduction Surgery 
1.6.4. Types of Reduction 

1.6.4.1. Superior Pedicle 
1.6.4.2. Inferior Pedicle 
1.6.4.3. Supero-medial Pedicle 
1.6.4.4. Medial Pedicle 
1.6.4.5. Vertical Bipedicle 
1.6.4.6. Breast Amputation and Nipple-Areola Complex Grafting 

1.6.5. Complications 
1.6.6. Summary 

1.7. Tuberous Breast 

1.7.1. Introduction 
1.7.2. Etiology of Tuberous Breast 
1.7.3. Classification of Tuberous Breast 
1.7.4. Surgical Technique Step by Step 

1.7.4.1. Techniques without Implants 
1.7.4.2. Techniques with Implants 

1.7.5. Postoperative Care 
1.7.6. Complications 
1.7.7. Summary 

1.8. Breast Symmetrization 

1.8.1. Introduction 
1.8.2. Types of Breast Asymmetry 
1.8.3. Preoperative Evaluation 
1.8.4. Preoperative Marking 
1.8.5. Choice of Implants 
1.8.6. Surgical Techniques
1.8.7. Postoperative Care 
1.8.8. Complications 
1.8.9. Summary 

1.9. Gynecomastia 

1.9.1. Introduction 
1.9.2. Etiology of Gynecomastia 
1.9.3. Classification of Gynecomastia 
1.9.4. Surgical Techniques

1.9.4.1. Liposuction 
1.9.4.2. Glandectomy 
1.9.4.3. Pull Through 

1.9.5. Complications 
1.9.6. Summary 

1.10. Pectoral Augmentation with Implants 

1.10.1. Introduction 
1.10.2. Preoperative Assessment 
1.10.3. Implant Selection 
1.10.4. Preoperative Marking 
1.10.5. Surgical Technique 
1.10.6. Postoperative Care 
1.10.7. Complications 
1.10.8. Summary 

Module 2. Periorbital and Upper Facial Surgery 

2.1. Anatomy of the Orbital and Periorbital Region 

2.1.1. Introduction 
2.1.2. Bone Structure 

2.1.2.1. Topographic Description 

2.1.3. Musculature 

2.1.3.1. Extrinsic Musculature 

2.1.4. Vascularization 
2.1.5. Innervation 
2.1.6. Fatty Compartments 
2.1.7. Lymphatic System of the Orbital Region 
2.1.8. Lacrimal Gland 
2.1.9. Dangerous Areas 
2.1.10. Summary 

2.2. Aesthetic Considerations of the Periorbital Region 

2.2.1. Introduction 
2.2.2. Soft Tissues 

2.2.2.1. Skin and Annexes 
2.2.2.2. Aesthetic Units 

2.2.3. Anthropometry of the Periorbital Region 
2.2.4. Gender Variation 
2.2.5. Variation According to Ethnicity 
2.2.6. Changes Associated with Aging 
2.2.7. Summary 

2.3. Basic Techniques in Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery 

2.3.1. Introduction 
2.3.2. Incisions 
2.3.3. Wound Closure 
2.3.4. Routine Wound Closure 
2.3.5. Excision and Repair of Full-Thickness Palpebral Margin 
2.3.6. Summary 

2.4. Preoperative Assessment 

2.4.1. Obvious Pathology 
2.4.2. Eyelid Position 
2.4.3. Margin-reflex Distance 
2.4.4. Telecanthus 
2.4.5. Eyelid Movement 
2.4.6. Elevator Function 
2.4.7. Laxity of Lower Eyelid Retractors 
2.4.8. Bell's Phenomenon 
2.4.9. Jaw Wink 
2.4.10. Fatigue in Myasthenia Gravis 
2.4.11. Eye Position

2.4.11.1. Exophthalmometry 
2.4.11.2. Eye Displacement 

2.4.12. Eye Movement 
2.4.13. Other Examinations 
2.4.14. Eyebrow Position 
2.4.15. Lateral Canthus and Cheek 
2.4.16. Upper Eyelid Skin Crease 
2.4.17. Horizontal Laxity of the Lower Eyelid 
2.4.18. Medial and Lateral Canthal Tendons 
2.4.19. Eye and Orbit 
2.4.20. Key Points 

2.5. Anesthesia 

2.5.1. Local Infiltration 
2.5.2. Subcutaneous Approach 
2.5.3. Subconjunctival Approach 
2.5.4. Local Tumescent Anesthesia 
2.5.5. Regional Blocks 

2.5.5.1. Frontal Nerve Block 
2.5.5.2. Infratrochlear Nerve Block 
2.5.5.3. Infraorbital Nerve Block 
2.5.5.4. Retrobulbar Nerve Block 
2.5.5.5. Facial Nerve Block 

2.5.6. Adverse Reactions to Local Anesthetics 
2.5.7. Summary 

2.6. Aesthetic Oculoplasty Techniques 

2.6.1. Introduction 
2.6.2. Upper Blepharoplasty 

2.6.2.1. Preoperative Assessment 
2.6.2.2. Preoperative Marking 
2.6.2.3. Surgical Technique Step by Step 
2.6.2.4. Postoperative Care 
2.6.2.5. Complications 

2.6.3. Lower Blepharoplasty 

2.6.3.1. Preoperative Assessment 
2.6.3.2. Preoperative Marking 
2.6.3.3. Surgical Technique Step by Step 
2.6.3.4. Transconjunctival Approach 
2.6.3.5. Subciliary Approach 
2.6.3.6. Postoperative Care 
2.6.3.7. Complications 

2.6.4. Summary 

2.7. Reconstructive Oculoplastic Techniques 

2.7.1. Augmentation Blepharoplasty 

2.7.1.1. Introduction 
2.7.1.2. Preoperative Assessment 
2.7.1.3. Preoperative Marking 
2.7.1.4. Surgical Technique 
2.7.1.5. Upper Eyelid 
2.7.1.6. Lower Eyelid 
2.7.1.7. Postoperative Care 
2.7.1.8. Complications 

2.7.2. Canthopexies and Canthoplasties 

2.7.2.1. Preoperative Assessment 
2.7.2.2. Preoperative Marking 
2.7.2.3. Surgical Technique 

2.7.2.3.1. Canthoplasty 
2.7.2.3.2. Canthopexy 

2.7.2.4. Postoperative Care 
2.7.2.5. Complications 
2.7.2.6. Summary 

2.8. Facial Upper Third 

2.8.1. Introduction 
2.8.2. Anatomy of the Upper Third 

2.8.2.1. Bone Structure 
2.8.2.2. Musculature 
2.8.2.3. Vascularization 
2.8.2.4. Innervation 
2.8.2.5. Fatty Compartments 

2.8.3. Upper Facelift 

2.8.3.1. Preoperative Assessment 
2.8.3.2. Preoperative Marking 
2.8.3.3. Surgical Technique 
2.8.3.4. Postoperative Care 
2.8.3.5. Complications 

2.8.4. Endoscopic Upper Third Facelift 

2.8.4.1. Preoperative Assessment 
2.8.4.2. Preoperative Marking 
2.8.4.3. Surgical Technique 
2.8.4.4. Postoperative Care 
2.8.4.5. Complications 

2.8.5. Forehead Reduction 

2.8.5.1. Preoperative Assessment 
2.8.5.2. Preoperative Marking 
2.8.5.3. Surgical Technique Step by Step 
2.8.5.4. Postoperative Care 
2.8.5.5. Complications 

2.8.6. Summary 

2.9. Brow Lift 

2.9.1. Introduction 
2.9.2. Preoperative Assessment 
2.9.3. Preoperative Marking 
2.9.4. Anesthesia and Surgical Position 
2.9.5. Surgical Technique 

2.9.5.1. Palpebral Approach 
2.9.5.2. Coronal Approach 
2.9.5.3. Endoscopic Technique 
2.9.5.4. Gliding Brow Lifting

2.9.6. Postoperative Care 
2.9.7. Complications 

2.9.7.1. Lower Raised Eyebrows 

2.9.8. Summary 

2.10. Complementary Procedures to Palpebral Surgery 

2.10.1. Introduction 
2.10.2. Chemical Denervation 
2.10.3. Use of Botulinum Toxin 
2.10.4. Volumization 

2.10.4.1. Orbital Area 
2.10.4.2. Upper Third 

2.10.5. Management of Hyperpigmentation of the Under Eye Circles 

2.10.5.1. Chemical Peel 
2.10.5.2. Use of Energy Production Equipment 

2.10.6. Summary 

Module 3. Aesthetic Nasal Surgery 

3.1. Nasal Anatomy and Physiology 

3.1.1. Introduction 
3.1.2. Skin and Subcutaneous
3.1.3. Muscles and Bone Structures 
3.1.4. Cartilaginous Structures
3.1.5. Nasal Valve 

3.1.5.1. Internal 
3.1.5.2. External 

3.1.6. Nostrils
3.1.7. Nasal Septum 
3.1.8. Nasal Turbinates and Meatus 
3.1.9. Irrigation 
3.1.10. Innervation 
3.1.11. Lymphatic Drainage 
3.1.12. Nasal Physiology 
3.1.13. Summary 

3.2. Nasal Aesthetics. Profilometry. Surgical Planning. Photographic Documentation 

3.2.1. Introduction 
3.2.2. Aesthetic Units of the Nose 
3.2.3. Facial Analysis 
3.2.4. Anatomical Differences of the Nose According to Race 

3.2.4.1. Black 
3.2.4.2. Asian 
3.2.4.3. Latino 

3.2.5. Anatomical Differences of the Nose According to Gender 

3.2.5.1. Male Features 
3.2.5.2. Female Features 

3.2.6. Profilometry

3.2.6.1. Facial Angles 

3.2.7. Preoperative Assessment 
3.2.8. Photographic Documentation 

3.2.8.1. Minimum Equipment Requirements for Medical Photography
3.2.8.2. Lighting and Background 
3.2.8.3. Projections 

3.2.9. Summary 

3.3. Primary Structural Rhinoplasty 

3.3.1. Patient Preparation 
3.3.2. Anesthesia and Surgical Position 
3.3.3. Surgical Instruments 
3.3.4. Surgical Techniques

3.3.4.1. Open Rhinoplasty 
3.3.4.2. Closed Rhinoplasty 
3.3.4.3. Semi-Open Rhinoplasty 

3.3.5. Postoperative Care 
3.3.6. Complications 
3.3.7. Summary 

3.4. Cartilage Grafts and Septoplasty 

3.4.1. Cartilaginous Grafts 

3.4.1.1. Graft Selection 
3.4.1.2. Graft Harvesting 
3.4.1.3. Cartilaginous Graft Carving 

3.4.2. Septoplasty 

3.4.2.1. Definition 
3.4.2.2. Surgical Technique 

3.4.2.2.1. Septoplasty Open Approach 
3.4.2.2.2. Septoplasty Closed Approach

3.4.3. Postoperative Care 
3.4.4. Complications 
3.4.5. Summary 

3.5. Reshaping of the Nasal Tip and Alar Cartilages 

3.5.1. Plan 

3.5.1.1. Structures Determining Tip Projection and Tip Appearance 

3.5.2. Anesthesia and Surgical Position 
3.5.3. Tip Treatment 

3.5.3.1. Default 

3.5.3.1.1. Grafts 
3.5.3.1.2. Strut Graft 
3.5.3.1.3. Tip Graft 

3.5.3.2. Sutures 

3.5.3.2.1. Crural Sutures 
3.5.3.2.2. Interdomal Sutures 
3.5.3.2.3. Transdomal Sutures 
3.5.3.2.4. Tip 

3.5.3.3. Excess 

3.5.3.3.1. Bulbous Tip 
3.5.3.3.2. Supratip 

3.5.4. Treatment of the Nasal Base 

3.5.4.1. Diminution of the Base 
3.5.4.2. Treatment of Nasal Wing Collapse 

3.5.5. Complications 
3.5.6. Summary 

3.6. Nasal Dorsum Reshaping and Osteotomies 

3.6.1. Plan
3.6.2. Approach Selection 
3.6.3. Bone and Cartilaginous Dorsum Reduction 
3.6.4. Spreader Grafts 
3.6.5. Osteotomies 

3.6.5.1. Internal, External, and Medial 
3.6.5.2. Modifications (Medals, Open Approach) 
3.6.5.3. Dorsal Augmentation 

3.6.5.3.1. Autologous Tissue 
3.6.5.3.2. Septal Cartilage 
3.6.5.3.3. Conchal Cartilage 
3.6.5.3.4. Costal Cartilage 
3.6.5.3.5. Temporal Fascia 
3.6.5.3.6. Other Materials 

3.6.6. Complications 
3.6.7. Summary 

3.7. Secondary Rhinoplasty I 

3.7.1. Preoperative Analysis 

3.7.1.1. Assessment of Aesthetic Deformities 
3.7.1.2. Assessment of Functional Deformities 
3.7.1.3. Most Frequent Causes 

3.7.2. Anesthesia and Surgical Position 
3.7.3. Surgical Technique 
3.7.4. Boarding Routes 

3.8. Secondary Rhinoplasty II 

3.8.1. Changes Secondary to Primary Rhinoplasty 

3.8.1.1. Bone Alterations 

3.8.1.1.1. Defects Due to Bone Excess or Deficit 
3.8.1.1.2. Irregularities 
3.8.1.1.3. Deviations 
3.8.1.1.4. Narrowing 

3.8.1.2. Cartilaginous Alterations 

3.8.1.2.1. Inverted V Deformity 
3.8.1.2.2. Deviations 
3.8.1.2.3. Saddle Deformity 

3.8.1.3. Defects in Nasal Tip, Wings, and Columella
3.8.1.4. Ventilatory Problems 

3.8.2. Postoperative Care 
3.8.3. Complications 
3.8.4. Summary 

3.9. New Rhinoplasty Techniques 

3.9.1. Plan 
3.9.2. Surgical Technique 

3.9.2.1. Preservation Rhinoplasty 
3.9.2.2. Ultrasonic Rhinoplasty 

3.9.3. Postoperative Care 
3.9.4. Complications 
3.9.5. Summary 

3.10. Rhinomodeling with Injectables 

3.10.1. Introduction 
3.10.2. Safety Considerations in Rhinomodeling 
3.10.3. Treatment of the Nasal Dorsum 
3.10.4. Treatment of the Nasal Tip 
3.10.5. Complications 
3.10.6. Hyaluronidase 
3.10.7. Summary

Module 4. Body Contouring Lipoplasty 

4.1. Anatomical Concepts in Lipoplasty 

4.1.1. Introduction 
4.1.2. Anatomy of the Fat 

4.1.2.1. Superficial Fascial System 
4.1.2.2. Adhesion Zones 
4.1.2.3. Fat Distribution 

4.1.3. Aesthetic Considerations in Lipoplasty 

4.1.3.1. Symmetry and Proportions 
4.1.3.2. Aesthetic Ideal 

4.2. Aesthetic Considerations in Lipoplasty 

4.2.1. Symmetry and Proportions 
4.2.2. Esthetic Ideal

4.3. Patient Selection for Lipoplasty 

4.3.1. Query 
4.3.2. History and Pathological Background 
4.3.3. Physical Examination 

4.3.3.1. Abdomen and Back 
4.3.3.2. Chest 
4.3.3.3. Buttocks 
4.3.3.4. Arms 
4.3.3.5. Thighs and Legs 

4.4. Liposuction Tools

4.4.1. Introduction 
4.4.2. Types of Cannulas 
4.4.3. Tips 
4.4.4. Diameter and Length 
4.4.5. Infiltrators 
4.4.6. Aspirators 
4.4.7. Collectors 
4.4.8. Summary 

4.5. Liposuction Infiltration Solutions 

4.5.1. Introduction 
4.5.2. Wet 
4.5.3. Superwet 
4.5.4. Tumescent 
4.5.5. Summary 

4.6. Patient Safety Parameters During Surgery 

4.6.1. Introduction 
4.6.2. SAFE Lipo (Separation, Aspiration, Fat Equalization) 
4.6.3. Amount of Fat Extracted 
4.6.4. Bleeding 
4.6.5. Prophylaxis of Venous Thromboembolism 
4.6.6. Fat Embolism 
4.6.7. Hypothermia 
4.6.8. Summary 

4.7. Liposuction Technologies 

4.7.1. Introduction 
4.7.2. SAL (Suction Assisted Lipoplasty) 
4.7.3. UAL (Ultrasound Assisted Lipoplasty) 
4.7.4. PAL (Power Assisted Lipoplasty) 
4.7.5. LAL (Laser Assisted Lipoplasty) 
4.7.6. RAL (Radiofrequency Assisted Lipoplasty) 
4.7.7. WAL (Water Assisted Lipoplasty) 
4.7.8. Summary 

4.8. High-Definition Liposuction

4.8.1. Introduction 
4.8.2. Patient Selection 
4.8.3. Marking 

4.8.3.1. Superficial Marking 
4.8.3.2. Framing of the Anatomical Regions 
4.8.3.3. Negative Spaces 

4.8.4. Surgical Technique 

4.8.4.1. Fat Treatment 
4.8.4.2. Deep and Superficial Fat Removal 
4.8.4.3. Treatment of Negative Spaces 

4.8.5. Definition Techniques According to Anatomical Area 

4.8.5.1. Male and Female Abdomen 
4.8.5.2. Male and Female Buttocks 
4.8.5.3. Male and Female Back 
4.8.5.4. Pectorals 
4.8.5.5. Male and Female Arms 
4.8.5.6. Male and Female Thighs and Legs 

4.8.6. Complications 
4.8.7. Postoperative Care 

4.9. Autologous Fat Transfer

4.9.1. Introduction 
4.9.2. Fat Metabolism 
4.9.3. Fat Grafting 

4.9.3.1. Physiology of Integration 
4.9.3.2. Fat Graft Procurement 
4.9.3.3. Graft Processing 
4.9.3.4. Fat Graft Transfer Method 

4.9.3.4.1. Injectors 
4.9.3.4.2. EVL (Expansion Vibration Lipofilling) 

4.9.4. Fat Transfer Technique 

4.9.4.1. Fat Transfer to Buttocks 
4.9.4.2. Fat Transfer to Pectorals and Shoulders 
4.9.4.3. Fat Transfer to Breasts 
4.9.4.4. Fat Transfer to Calves 

4.9.5. Fat Graft Complications 
4.9.6. Postoperative Care 
4.9.7. Summary 

4.10. Postoperative Management of the Body Contouring Lipoplasty Patient 

4.10.1. Introduction 
4.10.2. Drainages 
4.10.3. Compressive Clothing 
4.10.4. Early Ambulation 
4.10.5. Manual Lymphatic Drainage 
4.10.6. Ultrasound 
4.10.7. Radiofrequency 
4.10.8. Carboxytherapy 
4.10.9. Summary

Module 5. Aesthetic Surgery of the Abdominal Wall 

5.1. Anatomy of the Abdominal Region 

5.1.1. Introduction 
5.1.2. Topographic Anatomy of the Abdominal Region 

5.1.2.1. Skin of the Abdominal Region 
5.1.2.2. Anatomy of the Subcutaneous Cellular Tissue 
5.1.2.3. Superficial Fascial System 
5.1.2.4. Abdominal Wall Musculature 
5.1.2.5. Vascular Zones of the Abdominal Wall 

5.1.3. Lymphatic Drainage 
5.1.4. Conclusions 
5.1.5. Summary 

5.2. Aesthetic Considerations of the Abdominal Region 

5.2.1. Introduction 
5.2.2. Body Ideal 
5.2.3. Anthropometric Relationships 
5.2.4. Aesthetic Units of the Abdomen 
5.2.5. Belly Button Position 
5.2.6. Summary 

5.3. Mini-Abdominoplasty 

5.3.1. Introduction 
5.3.2. Patient Characteristics 
5.3.3. Marking 
5.3.4. Surgical Technique 

5.3.4.1. Incisions 
5.3.4.2. Lift of the Flap and Extension of the Dissection 
5.3.4.3. Treatment of the Muscular Wall 
5.3.4.4. Closure of the Incision 

5.3.5. Postoperative Management 
5.3.6. Complications 
5.3.7. Summary 

5.4. Extended Mini-Abdominoplasty 

5.4.1. Introduction 
5.4.2. Patient Characteristics 
5.4.3. Marking 
5.4.4. Surgical Technique 

5.4.4.1. Incisions 
5.4.4.2. Lift of the Flap and Extension of the Dissection 
5.4.4.3. Treatment of the Muscular Wall 
5.4.4.4. Closure of the Incision 

5.4.5. Postoperative Care 

5.5. Lipoabdominoplasty 

5.5.1. Introduction 
5.5.2. Patient Characteristics 
5.5.3. Marking 
5.5.4. Surgical Technique 

5.5.4.1. Incisions 
5.5.4.2. Lift of the Flap and Extension of the Dissection 
5.5.4.3. Treatment of the Muscular Wall 
5.5.4.4. Closure of the Incision 

5.5.5. Postoperative Care 

5.6. Classic Abdominoplasty 

5.6.1. Introduction 
5.6.2. Patient Characteristics 
5.6.3. Marking 
5.6.4. Surgical Technique 

5.6.4.1. Incisions 
5.6.4.2. Lift of the Flap and Extension of the Dissection 
5.6.4.3. Treatment of the Muscular Wall 
5.6.4.4. Closure of the Incision 

5.6.5. Baroudi Points 
5.6.6. Progressive Tension Points 
5.6.7. Postoperative Care 

5.7. Umbilicoplasty 

5.7.1. Introduction 
5.7.2. Preoperative Assessment 
5.7.3. Marking 
5.7.4. Surgical Techniques
5.7.5. Postoperative Care 
5.7.6. Summary 

5.8. Abdominoplasty in the Post-Bariatric Patient 

5.8.1. Introduction 
5.8.2. Patient Characteristics 
5.8.3. Marking 
5.8.4. Surgical Techniques 

5.8.4.1. Fleur de Lis 
5.8.4.2. Scarpa's Fascia Lifting 
5.8.4.3. Circumferential 
5.8.4.4. Reverse 
5.8.4.5. Vertical 

5.8.5. Postoperative Care 
5.8.6. Summary 

5.9. Complications in Abdominoplasty 

5.9.1. Hematomas and Seromas 
5.9.2. Dehiscence 
5.9.3. Necrosis 
5.9.4. Scar Malposition 
5.9.5. Infections 
5.9.6. Thromboembolism 

5.10. Complementary Procedures to Abdominal Surgery 

5.10.1. Introduction 
5.10.2. Cryolipolysis 
5.10.3. Radiofrequency 
5.10.4. Summary

Module 6. Facial and Cervical Rejuvenation Surgery 

6.1. Facial Anatomy 

6.1.1. Introduction 
6.1.2. Facial Regions 
6.1.3. Facial Planes 
6.1.4. Skin 
6.1.5. Subcutaneous 
6.1.6. Aponeurotic Muscle 
6.1.7. Retention Ligaments 
6.1.8. Periosteum and Deep Fascia 
6.1.9. Specific Considerations According to the Anatomical Region 
6.1.10. Cervicofacial Analysis 
6.1.11. Facial Aging 

6.1.11.1. Theories of Aging 
6.1.11.2. Structural Changes 

6.1.12. Dangerous Areas 
6.1.13. Summary 

6.2. Subperiosteal Middle Third Facelift 

6.2.1. Introduction 
6.2.2. Preoperative Assessment 
6.2.3. Surgical Technique 
6.2.4. Postoperative Care 
6.2.5. Complications 
6.2.6. Summary 

6.3. Cervicofacial Rhytidoplasty 

6.3.1. Introduction 
6.3.2. Patient Selection 
6.3.3. Preoperative Marking 
6.3.4. Surgical Technique 
6.3.5. Postoperative Care 
6.3.6. Complications 
6.3.7. Summary 

6.4. Cervicoplasty 

6.4.1. Introduction 
6.4.2. Classification of the Cervicofacial Alterations 
6.4.3. Treatment 

6.4.3.1. Submental Liposuction 
6.4.3.2. Submentoplasty with Platysmaplasty 
6.4.3.3. Excision of the Submandibular Glands 

6.4.4. Postoperative Care 
6.4.5. Complications 
6.4.6. Summary 

6.5. Facelift with SMAS Flaps

6.5.1. Introduction 
6.5.2. Patient Assessment 
6.5.3. Preoperative Marking 
6.5.4. SMAS Flaps 

6.5.4.1. SMAS Plication 
6.5.4.2. Mastectomy 
6.5.4.3. Extended SMAS 
6.5.4.4. MACS Lift 
6.5.4.5. High SMAS 

6.5.5. Suspension Sutures 
6.5.6. Mini Lift 
6.5.7. Postoperative Care 
6.5.8. Complications 
6.5.9. Summary 

6.6. Perioral Rejuvenation 

6.6.1. Introduction 
6.6.2. Anatomy and Anthropometry of the Lip 
6.6.3. Ideal Appearance 
6.6.4. Gender and Ethnic Variations 
6.6.5. Aging Process 

6.6.5.1. Chemical Peel 
6.6.5.2. Laser Resurfacing 
6.6.5.3. Botulinum toxin 
6.6.5.4. Facial Fillers 

6.6.5. Subnasal Lift 
6.6.6. Preoperative Marking 
6.6.7. Surgical Technique 
6.6.8. Complications 
6.6.9. Summary 

6.7. Aesthetic Management of the Chin 

6.7.1. Introduction 
6.7.2. Aesthetic Analysis 
6.7.3. Osteotomies

6.7.3.1. Sliding 
6.7.3.2. Step 
6.7.3.3. Wedge 
6.7.3.4. Graft 
6.7.3.5. Complications 

6.7.4. Genioplasty with Prosthesis 

6.7.4.1. Types of Prosthesis and Choice 
6.7.4.2. Intraoral Approach 
6.7.4.3. External Approach 

6.7.5. Complications 
6.7.6. Summary 

6.8. Rejuvenation with Facial Lipoinjection 

6.8.1. Fat Grafting: Principles and Generalities 
6.8.2. Fat Harvesting 

6.8.2.1. Donor Site Selection 
6.8.2.2. Tumescent Solution 
6.8.2.3. Cannula Selection 
6.8.2.4. Liposuction 
6.8.2.5. Fat Processing Techniques 

6.8.2.5.1. Centrifugation 
6.8.2.5.2. Washing and Filtration 
6.8.2.5.3. Washing and Decanting 
6.8.2.5.4. Telfa Rolling 

6.8.3. Fat Infiltration 
6.8.4. Complications 
6.8.5. Summary 

6.9. Facial Fillers and Botulinum Toxin 

6.9.1. Introduction 
6.9.2. Facial Fillers 

6.9.2.1. Features 
6.9.2.2. Treatment Areas 
6.9.2.3. Application Techniques 
6.9.2.4. Complications 

6.9.3. Botulinum toxin 

6.9.3.1. Features 
6.9.3.2. Treatment Areas 
6.9.3.3. Application Techniques 
6.9.3.4. Complications 

6.9.4. Summary 

6.10. Other Rejuvenation Techniques. Peelings, Energy Generating Equipment 

6.10.1. Introduction 
6.10.2. Anatomy and Physiology of the Skin
6.10.3. Phototypes 
6.10.4. Classification of Unaesthetic Facial Features 
6.10.5. Peelings 

6.10.5.1. Generalities and Basic Principles 
6.10.5.2. Classification 
6.10.5.3. Application Techniques 
6.10.5.4. Complications 

6.10.6. Energy-Generating Equipment 

6.10.6.1. Classification 
6.10.6.2. Application and Effect 
6.10.6.3. Complications 
6.10.6.4. Summary 

Module 7. Aesthetic Gluteal Surgery

7.1. Topographic Anatomy 

7.1.1. Introduction 
7.1.2. Musculature of the Gluteal Region 
7.1.3. Vascularization of the Gluteal Region 
7.1.4. Innervation 
7.1.5. Summary 

7.2. Aesthetics of the Gluteus 

7.2.1. Introduction 
7.2.2. Aesthetic Units of the Gluteus 
7.2.3. Aesthetic Ideal 
7.2.4. Aesthetic Analysis

7.2.4.1. Ideal Shape of the Presacral Space 
7.2.4.2. Inferno-internal Gluteal Fold 
7.2.4.3. Lateral Gluteal Trochanteric Depression/Hip Contour 
7.2.4.4. Lateral Gluteal Aesthetics 

7.2.5. Gluteal Type Classification 
7.2.6. Summary 

7.3. Patient Approach 

7.3.1. Introduction 
7.3.2. Diagnosis 
7.3.3. Patient Selection 
7.3.4. Aesthetic Objectives 
7.3.5. Safety Protocol 
7.3.6. Summary 

7.4. Gluteal Implants 

7.4.1. Introduction 
7.4.2. Gluteus Muscle Height/Width Ratio 
7.4.3. Types of Gluteal Implants 
7.4.4. Selection of the Implant According to its Shape 
7.4.5. Selection of the Implant Size 
7.4.6. Summary 

7.5. Pockets in Gluteoplasty with Implants 

7.5.1. Introduction 
7.5.2. Subcutaneous 
7.5.3. Subfascial 
7.5.4. Submuscular 
7.5.5. Intramuscular 
7.5.6. Summary 

7.6. Gluteoplasty with Implants 

7.6.1. Introduction 
7.6.2. Submuscular 

7.6.2.1. Marking 
7.6.2.2. Surgical Technique 

7.6.3. Intramuscular 

7.6.3.1. Marking 
7.6.3.2. Surgical Technique 

7.6.4. Intramuscular XYZ 

7.6.4.1. Marking 
7.6.4.2. Surgical Technique 

7.6.5. Summary 

7.7. Gluteoplasty with Autologous Fat Transfer 

7.7.1. Introduction 
7.7.2. Fat Metabolism 
7.7.3. Fat Grafting 

7.7.3.1. Physiology of Integration 
7.7.3.2. Fat Graft Procurement 
7.7.3.3. Fat Graft Processing 
7.7.3.4. Fat Graft Transfer Method 

7.7.3.4.1. Injectors 
7.7.3.4.2. EVL (Expansion Vibration Lipofilling) 

7.7.4. Fat Transfer Surgical Technique 
7.7.5. Summary 

7.8. Buttock Augmentation with Implants and Fat 

7.8.1. Introduction 
7.8.2. Composite Gluteal Augmentation 

7.8.2.1. Marking 
7.8.2.2. Surgical Technique 

7.8.3. Combined Three-dimensional Gluteoplasty 

7.8.3.1. Marking 
7.8.3.2. Surgical Technique 

7.8.4. Summary 

7.9. Iatrogenic Allogenosis in the Gluteus 

7.9.1. Introduction 
7.9.2. History 
7.9.3. Symptoms and Signs 
7.9.4. Treatment and Evolution 
7.9.5. Summary 

7.10. Complications and Recovery of the Patient of Gluteal Aesthetic Surgery 

7.10.1. Introduction 
7.10.2. Comparison between Gluteoplasty with Implants and Gluteoplasty with Autologous Fat Transfer 
7.10.3. Postoperative Aftercare

7.10.3.1. Return to Activities 
7.10.3.2. Postoperative Garments and Items 
7.10.3.3. Drainages 
7.10.3.4. Postoperative Pain Management 

7.10.4. Complications 

7.10.4.1. Infections 
7.10.4.2. Seromas 
7.10.4.3. Fat Embolism 
7.10.4.4. Dehiscence of the Surgical Wound 
7.10.4.5. Neuropraxia 
7.10.4.6. Implant Exposure 
7.10.4.7. Capsular Contracture 
7.10.4.8. Implant Rotation 
7.10.4.9. Implant Malposition 
7.10.4.10. Skin Changes 

7.10.5. Summary 

Module 8. Intimate Surgery 

8.1. Anatomy of the Female Genital Area 

8.1.1. Introduction 
8.1.2. Classification of the Female Anatomy 
8.1.3. Anatomical Variants 
8.1.4. Process of Transformation of the Genitalia in the Chronological Evolution of Women 
8.1.5. Ethical Considerations of the Cosmetic Plastic Surgery of the Female Genitalia
8.1.6. Patient Protection and Preoperative Assessment
8.1.7. Summary 

8.2. Surgical Procedures I. Vulva and Mount of Venus 

8.2.1. Introduction 
8.2.2. Labiaplasty 

8.2.2.1. Labia Minora 

8.2.2.1.1. Wedge Reduction 
8.2.2.1.2. Curved Linear Reduction 
8.2.2.1.3. Reduction by De-epithelization 
8.2.2.1.4. Reduction by Z-plasty 

8.2.2.2. Labia Majora 

8.2.2.2.1. Majoroplasty 

8.2.3. Reduction of the Clitoral Hood 
8.2.4. Reduction of the Mount of Venus 
8.2.5. Summary 

8.3. Surgical Procedures II: Perineoplasty and Colpoperineoplasty 

8.3.1. Introduction 
8.3.2. Vaginal Rejuvenation 
8.3.3. Prolapse and Sexual Function 
8.3.4. Vaginal Relaxation and Effect on Sexual Function 
8.3.5. Assessment and Diagnosis 
8.3.6. Perineoplasty 
8.3.7. Colpoperineoplasty 
8.3.8. Hymenoplasty 
8.3.9. Summary 

8.4. Complications of Female Cosmetic Surgery 

8.4.1. Introduction 
8.4.2. Mount of Venus Reduction, Liposuction, Lift 
8.4.3. Labia Majora Reduction 
8.4.4. Clitoral Hood Surgery 
8.4.5. Labia Minora Reduction 
8.4.6. Perineoplasty 
8.4.7. Hymenoplasty 
8.4.8. Labia Majora Augmentation 
8.4.9. Summary 

8.5. Auxiliary Procedures 

8.5.1. Vulvar Clearing Techniques 
8.5.2. Laser Vaginal Rejuvenation 
8.5.3. Vaginal Rejuvenation with Radiofrequency 
8.5.4. Autologous Fat Grafting 
8.5.5. Platelet-Rich Plasma 
8.5.6. Non-Autologous Filler Materials 
8.5.7. Summary 

8.6. Male Intimate Surgery 

8.6.1. Introduction 
8.6.2. Male Anatomy 
8.6.3. Anatomical Variants 
8.6.4. Process of Transformation of the Genitalia in the Chronological Evolution of Man 
8.6.5. Ethical Considerations of Cosmetic Plastic Surgery of the Male Genitalia 
8.6.6. Patient Protection and Preoperative Assessment
8.6.7. Summary 

8.7. Surgical Treatments 

8.7.1. Introduction 
8.7.2. Circumcision and Phimosis 
8.7.3. Lengthening of Preputial Frenulum 
8.7.4. Circumcision Reversal 
8.7.5. Lengthening Phalloplasty 

8.7.5.1. Suspensory Ligament Release 
8.7.5.2. V-Y Advancement Flap 

8.7.6. Thickening Phalloplasty 

8.7.6.1. Penile Girth Enhancement with Fat 
8.7.6.2. Penile Girth Enhancement with Dermal Matrix
8.7.6.3. Penile Girth Enhancement with Acellular Dermal Matrix 

8.7.7. Complications 
8.7.8. Postoperative Care 
8.7.9. Summary 

8.8. Hidden Penis 

8.8.1. Introduction 
8.8.2. Preoperative Assessment 
8.8.3. Classification 
8.8.4. Surgical Technique 

8.8.4.1. Trapped Penis 
8.8.4.2. Sailing Penis 
8.8.4.3. Buried Penis 

8.8.5. Other Associated Causes 

8.8.5.1. Excess Skin or Fat 
8.8.5.2. Suprapubic Liposuction - Skin and Panniculus Excision 

8.8.6. Postoperative Care 
8.8.7. Complications 
8.8.8. Summary 

8.9. Correction of Penile Curvatures and Deformities. Peyronie's Disease 

8.9.1. Introduction 
8.9.2. Etiology 
8.9.3. Risk factors 
8.9.4. Classification 
8.9.5. Acute Phase Management 

8.9.5.1. Patient Assessment 
8.9.5.2. Conservative Therapy 
8.9.5.3. Oral Therapy 
8.9.5.4. Intralesional Injection Therapy 
8.9.5.5. Topical Therapy 
8.9.5.6. Other Therapies 

8.9.6. Surgical Management 

8.9.6.1. Plicature of the Unaffected Side 
8.9.6.2. Incision or Excision and Graft 
8.9.6.3. Penile Implants 

8.9.7. Complications 
8.9.8. Summary 

8.10. Congenital or Acquired Testicular Absence due to Testicular Loss 

8.10.1. Introduction 
8.10.2. Testicular Absence 

8.10.2.1. Etiology of Testicular Agenesis 
8.10.2.2. Reconstruction with Prosthesis and Fat 
8.10.2.3. Complications 

8.10.3. Scrotum. Scrotoplasty 

8.10.3.1. Etiology 
8.10.3.2. Surgical Techniques

8.10.3.2.1. Spindle Resection 
8.10.3.2.2. Z-Plasty 
8.10.3.2.3. Correction of the Penoscrotal Fold 

8.10.3.3. Complications 
8.10.3.4. Summary 

Module 9. Other Surgical and Non-Surgical Aesthetic Procedures 

9.1. Alopecia 

9.1.1. Etiology of Alopecia 
9.1.2. Classification of Alopecia 

9.1.2.1. Male Alopecia 
9.1.2.2. Female Alopecia 
9.1.2.3. Other Causes of Alopecia 

9.1.3. Treatment 

9.1.3.1. Doctor 
9.1.3.2. Surgical 

9.1.4. Summary 

9.2. Hair Transplant 

9.2.1. Surgical Marking 
9.2.2. Anesthesia and Surgical Position 
9.2.3. Surgical Technique 

9.2.3.1. Follicular Extraction 
9.2.3.2. Follicular Implantation 

9.2.4. Postoperative Care and Follow-up 
9.2.5. Complications 
9.2.6. Summary 

9.3. Congenital and Acquired Disorders of the Ear 

9.3.1. Embryology of the Ear 
9.3.2. Anatomy of the Ear 

9.3.2.1. Cartilage 
9.3.2.2. Vascularization 
9.3.2.3. Innervation 

9.3.3. Congenital Pathologies of the Ear 

9.3.3.1. Microtia 
9.3.3.2. Macrotia 

9.3.4. Acquired Pathologies of the Ear 

9.3.4.1. Traumatic 
9.3.4.2. Expanders 

9.3.5. Surgical Planning 
9.3.6. Surgical Techniques for Microtia 

9.3.6.1. Use of Autologous and Heterologous Materials

9.3.7. Surgical Techniques for Macrotia 
9.3.8. How to Deal with Auricular Trauma 
9.3.9. Surgical Treatment after the Use of Expanders 
9.3.10. Postoperative Care and Follow-up 
9.3.11. Complications 
9.3.12. Summary 

9.4. Aesthetic Surgery in Upper Limbs 

9.4.1. Anatomy of the Upper Limb 
9.4.2. Patient Selection
9.4.3. Surgical Planning
9.4.4. Surgical Technique 

9.4.4.1. Ultra-Definition of Upper Extremity 
9.4.4.2. Arm and Shoulder Prostheses 

9.4.5. Follow-up and Postoperative Care 
9.4.6. Complications 
9.4.7. Summary 

9.5. Brachial Ptosis 

9.5.1. Concept 
9.5.2. Classification 
9.5.3. Surgical Planning 
9.5.4. Surgical Techniques of Choice 
9.5.5. Monitoring and Postoperative Care 
9.5.6. Complications 
9.5.7. Summary 

9.6. Anti-Aging in Hands and Feet 

9.6.1. Anatomy of Hands and Feet 
9.6.2. Aging Process 
9.6.3. Non-Surgical Treatment 

9.6.3.1. Chemical Peel 
9.6.3.2. Laser 
9.6.3.3. Use of Autologous and Heterologous Injectables 

9.6.4. Surgical Management 

9.6.4.1. Liposuction 
9.6.4.2. Lipofilling 
9.6.4.3. Nanofat 

9.6.5. Follow-up and Postoperative Care 
9.6.6. Complications 
9.6.7. Summary 

9.7. Aesthetic Surgery in Lower Limbs 

9.7.1. Thigh and Leg Anatomy 
9.7.2. Patient Selection 
9.7.3. Surgical Planning 
9.7.4. Surgical Technique 

9.7.4.1. Ultra-Definition of Thigh and Leg 
9.7.4.2. Implant Augmentation 

9.7.5. Follow-up and Postoperative Care 
9.7.6. Complications 
9.7.7. Summary 

9.8. Thigh Ptosis 

9.8.1. Concept 
9.8.2. Classification 
9.8.3. Surgical Planning 
9.8.4. Surgical Techniques of Choice 
9.8.5. Monitoring and Postoperative Care 
9.8.6. Complications 
9.8.7. Summary 

9.9. Special Considerations in Aesthetic Surgery I 

9.9.1. Post-Bariatric Patient 

9.9.1.1. Minimum Requirements to be Candidates for Surgery 
9.9.1.2. Relevant Examinations and Assessments

9.9.2. Postoperative Patients 

9.9.2.1. Minimum Requirements to be Candidates for Surgery 
9.9.2.2. Relevant Examinations and Evaluations

9.10. Special Considerations in Aesthetic Surgery II 

9.10.1. Patients with Immunological Diseases 

9.10.1.1. Minimum Requirements to be Candidates for Surgery 
9.10.1.2. Relevant Examinations and Assessments

9.10.2. Patients with Psychological and Psychiatric Disorders 

9.10.2.1. Dysmorphism 
9.10.2.2. Depression 
9.10.2.3. Other Psychiatric Disorders 
9.10.2.4. Relevant Assessments in Patients with Mental Disturbances 

9.10.3. Recommendations 
9.10.4. Summary 

Module 10. Protocols for the Aesthetic Surgery Patient 

10.1. Characteristics of the Aesthetic Patient 

10.1.1. Social Influence 
10.1.2. Aesthetic Surgery Patients 
10.1.3. Psychological Assessment

10.1.3.1. Reasons for Aesthetic Surgery
10.1.3.2. Expectations vs Reality 
10.1.3.3. Warning Signs 
10.1.3.4. Role of the Psychologist in Preoperative and Postoperative Assessment 

10.1.4. Dissatisfied Patients 

10.1.4.1. Causes 
10.1.4.2. How to Manage the Dissatisfied Patient? 
10.1.5. Recommendations 

10.2. Virtual Era in Aesthetic Surgery 

10.2.1. Virtual Consultations 
10.2.2. What Can We Offer the Patient in the Virtual Era? 
10.2.3. Virtual Platforms 
10.2.4. Social Networks 

10.2.4.1. Publishable Content 
10.2.4.2. Advertising 

10.2.5. Virtual Simulators 
10.2.6. Uses and Limitations 
10.2.7. Handling of Simulation Programs 
10.2.8. Advantages and Disadvantages
10.2.9. Recommendations 
10.2.10. Summary 

10.3. Medical Photographs 

10.3.1. Importance of Photographic Documentation 
10.3.2. Important Elements in Medical Photography 

10.3.2.1. Lighting 
10.3.2.2. Photographic Composition 
10.3.2.3. Scene 
10.3.2.4. Photographic Devices 

10.3.3. Facial Photographs 

10.3.3.1. Projections 

10.3.4. Body Photographs 

10.3.4.1. Projections 

10.3.5. Informed Consent 
10.3.6. Image Organization 
10.3.7. Recommendations 
10.3.8. Summary 

10.5. Prophylaxis in Aesthetic Surgery 

10.5.1. Introduction 
10.5.2. Prophylaxis of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) 

10.5.2.1. Caprini Scale 

10.5.3. Antibiotic Prophylaxis 
10.5.4. Summary 

10.6. Anesthesia Protocol 

10.6.1. Introduction 
10.6.2. Risk Factors and ASA Classification 
10.6.3. Phases of General Anesthesia 
10.6.4. Post-Anesthesia Recovery Unit (PARA) 
10.6.5. Summary 

10.7. ERAS Protocol in Ambulatory Surgery (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) 

10.7.1. Introduction 
10.7.2. Minor Surgery
10.7.3. Major Outpatient Surgery 
10.7.4. ERAS Protocols in Aesthetic Surgery 
10.7.5. Summary 

10.8. Postoperative Medication and Analgesia 

10.8.1. Postoperative Analgesia 

10.8.1.1. Oral Analgesics 
10.8.1.2. Outpatient Intravenous Analgesia 

10.8.2. Postoperative Antibiotic Therapy 
10.8.3. Summary 

10.9. Postoperative Wound Care 

10.9.1. Introduction 
10.9.2. Types of Dressings 
10.9.3. Dressing Plasters 
10.9.4. Negative Pressure Devices 
10.9.5. Summary 

10.10. Postoperative Recovery Garments and Patient Monitoring 

10.10.1. Pressure Therapy Garments 

10.10.1.1. Chin Support 
10.10.1.2. Bra 
10.10.1.3. Vests 
10.10.1.4. Girdles 
10.10.1.5. Corsets 
10.10.1.6. Stockings 

10.10.2. Postoperative Care after an Aesthetic Surgery Procedure 

10.10.2.1. Care of the Drains 
10.10.2.2. Rest 
10.10.2.3. Recovery of Normal Life 

10.10.3. Summary

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